Function (overall) Various tools · adults (aged ≥ 16 years) with acute middle third clavicle fractures
Intramedullary fixation may leads to higher function or disability (overall) Various tools (Constant score and… compared with open reduction and internal fixation with plate (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain ‐ using the section of Constant score Scale from 0 to 15; with 15 being the best positive score · adults (aged ≥ 16 years) with acute middle third clavicle fractures
It is very uncertain whether intramedullary fixation changes pain ‐ using the section of Constant score Scale from 0 to 15; with… compared with open reduction and internal fixation with plate (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical healing ‐ time to clinical/radiographic fracture consolidation (weeks) · adults (aged ≥ 16 years) with acute middle third clavicle fractures
It is very uncertain whether intramedullary fixation changes clinical healing ‐ time to clinical/radiographic fracture… compared with open reduction and internal fixation with plate (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events ‐ total of adverse events (various: mainly infection; cosmetic result ‐ e.g. prominent metalwork ‐ and symptomatic hardware) · adults (aged ≥ 16 years) with acute middle third clavicle fractures
It is very uncertain whether intramedullary fixation changes adverse events ‐ total of adverse events (various: mainly infection;… compared with open reduction and internal fixation with plate (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life ‐ not measured · adults (aged ≥ 16 years) with acute middle third clavicle fractures
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Return to previous activities ‐ not measured · adults (aged ≥ 16 years) with acute middle third clavicle fractures
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Relief of pain · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis
Endoscopy probably leads to higher pain relief ‐ middle‐term compared with surgery (moderate certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Mortality ‐ not reported · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of life ‐ not measured · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Endocrine pancreatic insufficiency (new onset) · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis
Surgery may leads to lower endocrine pancreatic insufficiency (new onset) compared with conservative treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (new onset) · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis
Surgery may leads to lower exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (new onset) compared with conservative treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Major complications and mortality · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of Life: SF‐36 (physical component) · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis
1 finding from 1 review
Health‐related quality of life (mental) · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis
1 finding from 1 review
Endocrine pancreatic insufficiency (new onset) ‐ long‐term · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis
Endoscopy showed no clear difference in endocrine pancreatic insufficiency (new onset) ‐ long‐term compared with surgery (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (new onset) · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis
Endoscopy showed no clear difference in exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (new onset) ‐ long‐term compared with surgery (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis
Surgery may leads to higher pain relief compared with conservative treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Major complications ‐ not reported · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of Life: SF‐36 scale from 0 to 100 (higher scores = better outcome) · adults with tibial plateau fracture (Schatzker types V or VI)
1 finding from 1 review
Function Standardised scale with positive score indicating a better outcome. Scale from 0 (worst) to 100 (best). · adults with tibial plateau fracture (Schatzker types V or VI)
1 finding from 1 review