Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

948 questions · 998 findings · 100 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 233 · 23.3%GRADE not reported 40 · 4%Very low 203 · 20.3%Low 271 · 27.2%Moderate 176 · 17.6%High 75 · 7.5%

Vitamin D plus calcium vs placebo

Adverse events: serum calcium above normal · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in adverse events: serum calcium above normal compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Steroid plus vitamin D vs steroids

Number of participants achieving 'response' by PGA · scalp psoriasis

Steroid plus vitamin D leads to higher number of participants achieving 'response' by PGA compared with steroid (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Steroid plus vitamin D vs steroids

Number of participants achieving 'clearance' by IGA · scalp psoriasis

Steroid plus vitamin D probably leads to higher number of participants achieving 'clearance' by IGA compared with steroid (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Steroid plus vitamin D vs steroids

Number of participants achieving 'response' by IGA · scalp psoriasis

Steroid plus vitamin D probably leads to higher number of participants achieving 'response' by IGA compared with steroid (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Steroid plus vitamin D vs steroids

Number of participants withdrawing due to adverse events (AE) · scalp psoriasis

Steroid plus vitamin D showed no clear difference in number of participants withdrawing due to adverse events (AE) compared with steroid (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin E + vitamin C vs placebo

Any adverse effects of vitamin supplementation sufficient to stop supplementation · pregnant women

Vitamin C and vitamin E showed no clear difference in any adverse effects of vitamin supplementation sufficient to stop… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical vitamin D derivative vs placebo

Proportion of participants with adverse effects ‐ measured over 8 weeks · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

Topical vitamin D derivative showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with adverse effects ‐ measured over 8… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review