Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

3,092 questions · 3,199 findings · 339 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 714 · 22.3%GRADE not reported 181 · 5.7%Very low 695 · 21.7%Low 908 · 28.4%Moderate 568 · 17.8%High 133 · 4.2%

Drospirenone plus ethinylestradiol vs placebo

Mean change in daily rating of functional impairment: reduction of productivity (lower score is better) · women with premenstrual syndrome (most met DSM‐V criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD))

1 finding from 1 review

Oral contraceptives containing drospirenone for premenstrual syndrome 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 432 participants
Low

Drospirenone plus ethinylestradiol vs placebo

Mean change in daily rating of functional impairment: social activities (lower score is better) · women with premenstrual syndrome (most met DSM‐V criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD))

1 finding from 1 review

Oral contraceptives containing drospirenone for premenstrual syndrome 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 432 participants
Low

Drospirenone plus ethinylestradiol vs placebo

Mean change in daily rating of functional impairment: relationship interference (lower score is better) · women with premenstrual syndrome (most met DSM‐V criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD))

1 finding from 1 review

Oral contraceptives containing drospirenone for premenstrual syndrome 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 432 participants
Low

Drospirenone plus ethinylestradiol vs placebo

Changes in Premenstrual Tension Scale scores (observer‐rated; lower score is better) · women with premenstrual syndrome (most met DSM‐V criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD))

1 finding from 1 review

Oral contraceptives containing drospirenone for premenstrual syndrome 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 387 participants
Low

Drospirenone plus ethinylestradiol vs placebo

Changes in Premenstrual Tension Scale scores (self‐rated; lower score is better) · women with premenstrual syndrome (most met DSM‐V criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD))

1 finding from 1 review

Oral contraceptives containing drospirenone for premenstrual syndrome 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 438 participants
Low

Drospirenone plus ethinylestradiol vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · women with premenstrual syndrome (most met DSM‐V criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD))

Drospirenone plus ethinylestradiol may leads to higher withdrawal due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral contraceptives containing drospirenone for premenstrual syndrome 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 3.41 [2.01, 5.78]
4 studies · 776 participants
Low

Dextrose gel vs placebo

Hypoglycaemia · newborn infants at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia

Dextrose gel leads to lower hypoglycaemia (investigator‐defined) compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral dextrose gel to prevent hypoglycaemia in at‐risk neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.87 [0.79, 0.95]
2 studies · 2548 participants
High

Dextrose gel vs placebo

Major neurological disability at 2 years of age (Defined as any of the following: legal blindness, sensorineural deafness requiring hearing aids, moderate or severe cerebral palsy or developmental delay/intellectual impairment (developmental quoti... · newborn infants at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia

Dextrose gel showed no clear difference in major neurological disability at 2 years of age (Defined as any of… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral dextrose gel to prevent hypoglycaemia in at‐risk neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.59, 1.68]
2 studies · 1554 participants
Low

Dextrose gel vs placebo

Receipt of intravenous treatment for hypoglycaemia (yes/no) · newborn infants at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia

Dextrose gel showed no clear difference in receipt of intravenous treatment for hypoglycaemia (yes/no) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral dextrose gel to prevent hypoglycaemia in at‐risk neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.68, 1.49]
2 studies · 2548 participants
Moderate

Dextrose gel vs placebo

Adverse events# (e.g. choking or vomiting at time of administration) · newborn infants at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia

Dextrose gel showed no clear difference in adverse events# (e.g. choking or vomiting at time of administration) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral dextrose gel to prevent hypoglycaemia in at‐risk neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.22 [0.64, 2.33]
2 studies · 2510 participants
Moderate

Dextrose gel vs placebo

Separation from mother for treatment of hypoglycaemia · newborn infants at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia

Dextrose gel showed no clear difference in separation from mother for treatment of hypoglycaemia (infant nursed… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral dextrose gel to prevent hypoglycaemia in at‐risk neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.12 [0.81, 1.55]
2 studies · 2548 participants
Low

Dextrose gel vs placebo

Breastfeeding (exclusive after discharge) ‐ not reported (WHO 2008 definition (yes/no)) · newborn infants at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral dextrose gel to prevent hypoglycaemia in at‐risk neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Class I and/or III antiarrhythmics vs control

Outcomes at > 3 to 6 months after ablation · Human trial participants undergoing ablation for atrial fibrillation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral Class I and III antiarrhythmic drugs for maintaining sinus rhythm after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Class I antiarrhythmics vs control

Recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmias · Human trial participants undergoing ablation for atrial fibrillation

Class I antiarrhythmics showed no clear difference in recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmias compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral Class I and III antiarrhythmic drugs for maintaining sinus rhythm after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.54 [0.25, 1.19]
1 study · 125 participants
Low

Class I antiarrhythmics vs control

Adverse events: thromboembolic events · Human trial participants undergoing ablation for atrial fibrillation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral Class I and III antiarrhythmic drugs for maintaining sinus rhythm after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Class I antiarrhythmics vs control

Adverse events: myocardial infarction · Human trial participants undergoing ablation for atrial fibrillation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral Class I and III antiarrhythmic drugs for maintaining sinus rhythm after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Class I antiarrhythmics vs control

Adverse events: new diagnosis of heart failure · Human trial participants undergoing ablation for atrial fibrillation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral Class I and III antiarrhythmic drugs for maintaining sinus rhythm after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Class I antiarrhythmics vs control

Adverse events: requirement for 1 or more hospitalisations for atrial tachyarrhythmia · Human trial participants undergoing ablation for atrial fibrillation

1 finding from 1 review

Oral Class I and III antiarrhythmic drugs for maintaining sinus rhythm after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 participants
GRADE not reported

Class I antiarrhythmics vs control

All‐cause mortality · Human trial participants undergoing ablation for atrial fibrillation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral Class I and III antiarrhythmic drugs for maintaining sinus rhythm after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Class I antiarrhythmics vs control

Requirement for 1 or more repeat ablation · Human trial participants undergoing ablation for atrial fibrillation

1 finding from 1 review

Oral Class I and III antiarrhythmic drugs for maintaining sinus rhythm after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 participants
GRADE not reported