Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,703 questions · 3,824 findings · 858 reviews

No studies found 573 · 15%GRADE not reported 383 · 10%Very low 993 · 26%Low 1,062 · 27.8%Moderate 614 · 16.1%High 199 · 5.2%

Alpha2‐adrenergic agonist vs control

All‐cause mortality (within 30‐days after surgery: any reported death) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery

Alpha‐2 adrenergic agonists showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (within 30‐days after surgery: any reported death) compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alpha2‐adrenergic agonist vs control

Myocardial infarction (within 30‐days after surgery: sudden death or death resulting from a primarily identifiable cardiac cause) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery

Alpha‐2 adrenergic agonists showed no clear difference in myocardial infarction (within 30‐days after surgery: sudden death or… compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tranexamic acid vs placebo + standard care

Control of epistaxis: episodes of re‐bleeding over 10 days All treatments (topical and oral) · adults with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis)

Tranexamic acid probably leads to lower control of epistaxis: episodes of re‐bleeding over 10 days All… compared with placebo plus usual care or usual care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tranexamic acid vs placebo + standard care

Control of epistaxis: episodes of re‐bleeding over 10 days Oral treatment only · adults with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis)

Tranexamic acid probably leads to lower control of epistaxis: episodes of re‐bleeding over 10 days Oral… compared with placebo plus usual care or usual care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tranexamic acid vs placebo + standard care

Control of epistaxis: episodes of re‐bleeding over 10 days Topical application (10% gel) only · adults with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis)

Tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in control of epistaxis: episodes of re‐bleeding over 10 days Topical… compared with placebo plus usual care or usual care alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tranexamic acid vs placebo + standard care

Severity of re‐bleeding: proportion of patients requiring blood transfusion within 10 days · adults with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis)

Tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in severity of re‐bleeding: proportion of patients requiring blood… compared with placebo plus usual care or usual care alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐blockers vs control—cardiac surgery

All‐cause mortality (30 days)—cardiac surgery · patients with coronary heart disease and/or valvular heart disease

Beta‐blocker showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (30 days)—cardiac surgery compared with control—cardiac surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐blockers vs control—non‐cardiac surgery

All‐cause mortality (30 days)—non‐cardiac surgery · patients with conditions requiring non‐cardiac surgery

Beta‐blocker showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (30 days)—non‐cardiac surgery compared with control—non‐cardiac surgery (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review