What do systematic reviews say?

RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs GENERAL ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS

It is very uncertain whether RISPERIDONE DEPOT changes global state: Relapse (any reason) ‐ long term Number of… compared with GENERAL ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS (very low certainty).

• Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.13 [0.84, 5.43]
  1 study · 63 participants
  Very low

RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs GENERAL ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS

RISPERIDONE DEPOT showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: Any reason ‐ long term compared with GENERAL ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS (moderate certainty).

• Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.24 [0.98, 1.57]
  2 studies · 467 participants
  Moderate

RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs GENERAL ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS

• Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

HALOPERIDOL vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTICS

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Haloperidol for long‐term aggression in psychosis 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Lithium vs antipsychotics

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Lithium for schizophrenia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Lithium vs antipsychotics

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Lithium for schizophrenia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Lithium vs antipsychotics

It is very uncertain whether lithium changes acceptability of treatment leaving early due to any reason compared with antipsychotics (very low certainty).

• Lithium for schizophrenia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.77 [1.01, 3.11]
  8 studies · 270 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Screening women for intimate partner violence in healthcare settings 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 663 participants
  Moderate

Perazine vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Perazine showed no clear difference in acceptability of treatment Leaving the studies early due to any reason compared with other antipsychotics (low certainty).

• Perazine for schizophrenia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.97 [0.68, 1.38]
  6 studies · 384 participants
  Low

FLUPENTHIXOL vs LOW‐POTENCY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS

• Flupenthixol versus low‐potency first‐generation antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

QUETIAPINE vs Typical antipsychotics

Quetiapine showed no clear difference in leaving the study early due to any reason compared with typical antipsychotics (moderate certainty).

• Quetiapine versus typical antipsychotic medications for schizophrenia 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.81, 1.01]
  23 studies · 3576 participants
  Moderate

Benzodiazepines vs antipsychotics

It is very uncertain whether BENZODIAZEPINES changes leaving the study early due to any reason (overall acceptability of… compared with ANTIPSYCHOTICS (very low certainty).

• Benzodiazepines for schizophrenia 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.73 [0.45, 1.18]
  13 studies · 738 participants
  Very low

Levomepromazine vs Typical antipsychotics

Levomepromazine showed no clear difference in leaving the study early ‐ short term ‐ any reason compared with typical antipsychotics (low certainty).

• Levomepromazine for schizophrenia 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.11 [0.45, 2.74]
  1 study · 41 participants
  Low

Levomepromazine vs Typical antipsychotics

It is very uncertain whether levomepromazine changes leaving the study early ‐ medium term ‐ any reason compared with typical antipsychotics (very low certainty).

• Levomepromazine for schizophrenia 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2 [0.2, 19.62]
  1 study · 28 participants
  Very low

Levomepromazine vs Typical antipsychotics

Levomepromazine showed no clear difference in leaving the study early ‐ long term ‐ any reason compared with typical antipsychotics (moderate certainty).

• Levomepromazine for schizophrenia 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.4 [0.09, 1.81]
  1 study · 38 participants
  Moderate

Levomepromazine vs atypical antipsychotics

Levomepromazine showed no clear difference in leaving the study early ‐ short term ‐ any reason compared with atypical antipsychotics (low certainty).

• Levomepromazine for schizophrenia 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.67, 1.49]
  2 studies · 106 participants
  Low

Synbiotic vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether synbiotic changes adverse events (any) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.88 [0.32, 25.92]
  3 studies · 189 participants
  Very low

Probiotics vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether probiotic changes adverse events (any) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.07, 15.12]
  7 studies · 489 participants
  Very low

Synbiotic vs prebiotic

It is very uncertain whether synbiotic changes change in any GI upset (borborygmi) compared with prebiotic (very low certainty).

• Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for people with chronic kidney disease 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 15.26 [0.99, 236.23]
  1 study · 34 participants
  Very low

Synbiotic vs prebiotic

• Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for people with chronic kidney disease 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 56 participants
  Very low