Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

449 questions · 459 findings · 247 reviews

No studies found 75 · 16.3%GRADE not reported 13 · 2.8%Very low 119 · 25.9%Low 139 · 30.3%Moderate 86 · 18.7%High 27 · 5.9%

Vitamin D vs placebo

Proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events due to any cause · children and adults with predominantly mild to moderate asthma

Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin D showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral propranolol vs placebo

Adverse events experienced at short or long term ‐ Serious adverse events 24 weeks' · infantile haemangiomas (strawberry birthmarks) of the skin

Oral propranolol showed no clear difference in adverse events experienced at short or long term ‐ Serious adverse… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chemical peeling vs placebo or no treatment

Serious or severe adverse events N of participants with positive severe adverse events · people with acne scars

It is very uncertain whether chemical peeling changes serious or severe adverse events N of participants with positive… compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Recombinant zoster vaccine vs placebo

Participants with adverse events ‐ serious adverse events Clinical or laboratory criteria · healthy older adults aged ≥ 60 years

Recombinant zoster vaccine showed no clear difference in participants with adverse events ‐ serious adverse eventsClinical or… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lactulose vs lactitol

Non‐serious adverse events (secondary outcome) · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

It is very uncertain whether lactulose changes non‐serious adverse events (secondary outcome) compared with lactitol (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vaccination vs placebo

Serious adverse events among subjects in the adverse event substudy clinical manifestations · people at risk for postherpetic neuralgia

Vaccination leads to higher serious adverse events among subjects in the adverse event substudy… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Zinc vs placebo

Risk of serious adverse events, including those that may be complications of the common cold · adults and children with colds and/or upper respiratory infections

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Eculizumab vs placebo

Adverse events (serious and nonserious) Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) · patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Eculizumab showed no clear difference in adverse events (serious and nonserious) Medical Dictionary for… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic plasma transfusion before surgery/invasive procedures vs no prophylactic plasma transfusion before surgery/invasive procedures (colloid, crystalloid, placebo, or no treatment)

Serious adverse events measured by surgery or procedure‐related complications within 30 days ‐ not reported · patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery/invasive procedures

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Hyperimmune immunoglobulin from human plasma vs saline placebo

Serious adverse events up to day 28 (data available only as a composite of serious adverse events or death up to day 28) · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19

Hyperimmune immunoglobulin from human plasma showed no clear difference in serious adverse events up to day 28 (data available only as a… compared with saline placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic plasma transfusion before surgery/invasive procedures vs no prophylactic plasma transfusion before surgery/invasive procedures (colloid, crystalloid, placebo, or no treatment)

Serious adverse events measured by plasma transfusion‐related complications within 24 hours № of participants: 21 (1 RCT) · patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery/invasive procedures
1 finding from 1 review

Fexofenadine 120 mg/d vs placebo (1‐week intervention)

Primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse effects and serious adverse events throughout the study period · adults with eczema

Fexofenadine 120 mg/d showed no clear difference in primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse… compared with placebo (1‐week intervention) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Loratadine 10 mg vs placebo (4‐week intervention)

Primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse effects and serious adverse events throughout the study period · adults with eczema

Loratadine 10 mg/d showed no clear difference in primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse… compared with placebo (4‐week intervention) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cetirizine 0.5 mg/kg/d vs placebo (18‐month intervention)

Primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse effects and serious adverse events throughout the study period · children with eczema

Cetirizine 0.5 mg/kg/d showed no clear difference in primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse… compared with placebo (18‐month intervention) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review