Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

30 questions · 30 findings · 8 reviews · Urology

No studies found 3 · 10%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 8 · 26.7%Low 12 · 40%Moderate 6 · 20%High 1 · 3.3%

Sunitinib vs avelumab + axitinib (targeted agent versus immunotherapy + targeted agent)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Sunitinib showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with avelumab + axitinib (targeted agent versus immunotherapy + targeted… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs pembrolizumab + axitinib (targeted agent versus immunotherapy + targeted agent)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Sunitinib showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with pembrolizumab + axitinib (targeted agent versus immunotherapy +… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs atezolizumab + bevacizumab (targeted agent versus immunotherapy + targeted agent)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

It is very uncertain whether sunitinib changes serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with atezolizumab + bevacizumab (targeted agent versus immunotherapy +… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs atezolizumab (targeted therapy versus immunotherapy)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Sunitinib probably leads to higher serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with atezolizumab (targeted therapy versus immunotherapy) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bevacizumab + IFN vs IFN (+ placebo) (targeted agent + classic immunotherapy versus classic immunotherapy)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Bevacizumab + IFN probably leads to higher serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with IFN (+ placebo) (targeted agent + classic immunotherapy versus… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Temsirolimus + IFN‐α vs IFN (+ placebo) (targeted agent + classic immunotherapy versus classic immunotherapy)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

Temsirolimus + IFN‐α may leads to higher serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with IFN‐α (targeted agent + classic immunotherapy versus classic… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Temsirolimus + bevacizumab vs bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted agent + classic immunotherapy)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

Temsirolimus + bevacizumab showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Everolimus + bevacizumab vs bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted agent + classic immunotherapy)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

Everolimus + bevacizumab showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with IFN α‐2a + bevacizumab (targeted agent + targeted agent versus… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type); IMDC intermediate, poor risk patients only.

Sunitinib probably leads to higher serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postoperative MMC‐EMDA with sequential BCG induction and maintenance vs postoperative BCG induction and maintenance therapy

Serious adverse events

It is very uncertain whether postoperative MMC‐EMDA with sequential BCG induction and maintenance changes serious adverse events compared with postoperative BCG induction and maintenance therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs IFN‐α (targeted agent versus classic immunotherapy)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Sunitinib probably leads to higher serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4)assessed as: CTCAE v3.0 compared with interferon‐α (IFN‐α) (targeted agent versus classic immunotherapy) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review