What do systematic reviews say?

Parent‐only interventions vs minimal contact control

• Parent‐only interventions for childhood overweight or obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 93 participants
  GRADE not reported

Rehabilitation interventions vs no intervention

Rehabilitation interventions showed no clear difference in quality of life and participation ‐ mobility and navigation… compared with no treatment or control; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for perceptual disorders following stroke 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 6.5
  2 studies · 30 participants
  GRADE not reported

Exercise vs usual care with or without sham interventions

• Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 875 participants
  Low

Humour‐based interventions vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Humour‐based interventions for people with schizophrenia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Humour‐based interventions vs active control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Humour‐based interventions for people with schizophrenia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Integrated disease management interventions vs usual care

• Integrated disease management interventions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  18 studies · 4321 participants
  Moderate

Behavioural intervention vs usual care or no treatment

Behavioural interventions showed no clear difference in health status and quality of life assessed by Bristol Female Lower… compared with usual care or no treatment (low certainty).

• Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 55 participants
  Low

Effects of school‐based asthma interventions vs usual care

• School‐based self‐management interventions for asthma in children and adolescents: a mixed methods systematic review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 2587 participants
  Moderate

Specialised professional input interventions vs usual care or no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Structured exercise interventions vs usual care with or without sham interventions

• Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 76 participants
  GRADE not reported

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

• Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 180 participants
  Low
• Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 348 participants
  Low

Information or education intervention vs no education

• Information or education interventions for adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients and their carers 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 143 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Rehabilitation‐related activity interventions vs usual care with or without sham interventions

• Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 350 participants
  GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Progressive resistance exercise interventions vs usual care with or without sham interventions

• Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 449 participants
  Moderate

Breathing exercises as part of a package of interventions vs control

• Breathing exercises for children with asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  28 participants
  Low

Lay health worker‐led psychosocial interventions vs enhanced usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions vs control

Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions showed no clear difference in quality of life (Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ‐25)) After… compared with control (low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 8.4
  1 study · 43 participants
  Low

Any antifungal intervention for the treatment of oral candidiasis vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes
  None of the studies reported: relief of pain, relief of dysphagia, incidence of systemic infection, amount of analgesia, days stay in hospital, cost of oral care, patient quality of life.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Summary of findings: Restitutive interventions vs control

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Restitutive interventions changes quality of life (improved or not improved ‐ derived from percentage… compared with control (very low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 13 [2.07, 81.48]
  1 study · 30 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions may leads to higher quality of life (National Eye Institute Visual Function… compared with control (low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 9.36 [3.1, 15.62]
  2 studies · 96 participants
  Low