Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

7 questions · 7 findings · 4 reviews · Headline outcomes only

Sort:Best matchNewest Highest certainty Download CSV

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 2 · 28.6%Moderate 4 · 57.1%High 1 · 14.3%

Benefits and harms of CSF plus antibiotics vs antibiotics alone

Overall mortality · people with chemotherapy‐induced febrile neutropenia

Benefits and harms of CSF plus antibiotics showed no clear difference in overall mortality compared with antibiotics alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Colony‐stimulating factors for chemotherapy‐induced febrile neutropenia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.74 [0.47, 1.16]
13 studies · 1335 participants
Low

Adverse events with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics vs placebo

Overall mortality · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

Mortality with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics showed no clear difference in overall mortality compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Empirical antibiotics targeting gram‐positive bacteria for the treatment of febrile neutropenic patients with cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.64, 1.25]
8 studies · 1242 participants
Moderate

Topical plus systemic prophylaxis vs placebo or no treatment

Overall mortality · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours

Topical plus systemic prophylaxis leads to lower overall mortality compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.84 [0.73, 0.96]
18 studies · 5290 participants
High

Topical prophylaxis vs no topical prophylaxis

Overall mortality · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours

Topical prophylaxis showed no clear difference in overall mortality compared with no topical prophylaxis (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.96 [0.87, 1.05]
22 studies · 4213 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Mortality in children with HIV infection ‐ overall · children with HIV infection aged 12 years and under

The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality in children with HIV infection ‐ overall (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for preventing lower respiratory tract infections in high‐risk children aged 12 years and under 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.82 [0.46, 1.46]
3 studies · 1344 participants
Moderate

Topical prophylaxis vs no topical prophylaxis

Overall mortality ‐ topical prophylaxis versus placebo or no treatment · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours

Topical prophylaxis showed no clear difference in overall mortality ‐ topical prophylaxis versus placebo or no treatment compared with no topical prophylaxis (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.97 [0.87, 1.07]
15 studies · 3274 participants
Moderate

Topical prophylaxis vs no topical prophylaxis

Overall mortality ‐ topical plus systemic prophylaxis versus systemic prophylaxis alone · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours

Topical prophylaxis showed no clear difference in overall mortality ‐ topical plus systemic prophylaxis versus… compared with no topical prophylaxis (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.92 [0.72, 1.18]
7 studies · 939 participants
Low