Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

31 questions · 33 findings · 12 reviews

No studies found 4 · 12.1%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 12 · 36.4%Low 15 · 45.5%Moderate 2 · 6.1%High 0 · 0%

Gonadotropins with GnRH agonists vs gonadotropins alone

Multiple pregnancy rate · intrauterine insemination (IUI) in women with infertility

It is very uncertain whether gonadotropins with GnRH agonists changes multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with gonadotropins alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gonadotropins with GnRH antagonist vs gonadotropins alone

Multiple pregnancy rate · intrauterine insemination (IUI) in women with infertility

Gonadotropins with GnRH antagonist showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with gonadotropins alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gonadotrophins with anti‐oestrogens vs gonadotropins alone

Multiple pregnancy rate · intrauterine insemination (IUI) in women with infertility

Gonadotrophins with anti‐oestrogens showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with gonadotropins alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Aromatase inhibitors with gonadotropins vs anti‐oestrogens with gonadotropins

Multiple pregnancy rate · intrauterine insemination (IUI) in women with infertility

Aromatase inhibitors with gonadotropins showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with anti‐oestrogens with gonadotropins (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs TI or expectant management

Multiple pregnancy rate · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a stimulated cycle showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with TI or expectant management (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

IUI in a natural cycle vs TI or expectant management

Multiple pregnancy rate · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a natural cycle showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with TI or expectant management (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Ultrasound‐guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling with gonadotropin (Gn) vs Gn

Multiple pregnancy rate · clomiphene‐resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome in subfertile women

It is very uncertain whether ultrasound‐guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling with… changes multiple pregnancy rate (per woman) compared with gn (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review