What do systematic reviews say?

Immunonutrition vs standard nutritional supplements

Immunonutrition may leads to lower mortality compared with standard nutritional supplements (low certainty).

• Perioperative nutrition for the treatment of bladder cancer by radical cystectomy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 29 participants
  Low

Immunonutrition vs usual care

Immunonutrition showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with standard care (low certainty).

• Immunonutrition for patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.33 [0.48, 3.66]
  14 studies · 776 participants
  Low

Immunonutrition vs control

Immunonutrition may leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with control (low certainty).

• Enteral nutrition formulations for acute pancreatitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.49 [0.29, 0.8]
  6 studies · 520 participants
  Low

Immunonutrition with probiotics and fibres vs control

• Enteral nutrition formulations for acute pancreatitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 64 participants
  Very low

Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants vs standard diet or placebo

Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (longest period reported) compared with placebo or standard nutrition (low certainty).

• Immunonutrition for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.79 [0.59, 1.07]
  10 studies · 1015 participants
  Low