Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

188 questions · 194 findings · 102 reviews

No studies found 26 · 13.4%GRADE not reported 14 · 7.2%Very low 35 · 18%Low 56 · 28.9%Moderate 52 · 26.8%High 11 · 5.7%

Intervention not reported

Perinatal mortality · women in late pregnancy (after 24 weeks' gestation) in both unselected populations and designated low‐risk populations

The intervention showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration vs Lower circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration

All cause mortality · Adults (general population)

Meta-analysis of observational studies (higher vs lower 25(OH)D) for All cause mortality: HR 0.72 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.78), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Mortality (all cause) · Adults (general population)

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Mortality (all cause) (Vitamin D2, general population): RR 1.04 (95% CI 0.97 to 1.11), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.

2 findings from 1 review

Aspirin vs placebo

Cardiovascular mortality · adults with hypertension (patients with atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, pre‐eclampsia or pulmonary hypertension were…

Aspirin showed no clear difference in cardiovascular mortality compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Mortality (at 3 to 4 months' · adults with cognitive impairment/dementia and cognitively intact populations

The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality (at 3 to 4 months' (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Maternal mortality or morbidity · mixed population (women with a fear of childbirth; women with high levels of anxiety; husbands of pregnant women; pregnant women and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Neonatal mortality or morbidity · mixed population (women with a fear of childbirth; women with high levels of anxiety; husbands of pregnant women; pregnant women and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review