What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

The intervention leads to lower pregnancy with serious adverse outcome (composite including maternal… (high certainty).

• Antiplatelet agents for preventing pre‐eclampsia and its complications 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.9 [0.85, 0.96]
  13 studies · 17382 participants
  High

Manual fundal pressure vs no fundal pressure

• Fundal pressure during the second stage of labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Fundal pressure by inflatable belt vs no fundal pressure

• Fundal pressure during the second stage of labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Prevention of eclampsia: short vs standard maintenance regimen (subgroups by type of short regimen)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Alternative magnesium sulphate regimens for women with pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prevention of eclampsia: higher vs lower IV maintenance regimen

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Alternative magnesium sulphate regimens for women with pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prevention of eclampsia: IV maintenance vs standard IM maintenance regimen

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Alternative magnesium sulphate regimens for women with pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prevention of eclampsia: loading dose alone vs loading dose + maintenance regimen

• Alternative magnesium sulphate regimens for women with pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 462 participants
  Very low

Prevention of eclampsia: IV maintenance vs a serial IV bolus regimen

• Alternative magnesium sulphate regimens for women with pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 200 participants
  Very low

Advance misoprostol distribution/provision to pregnant women for postpartum self‐administration vs usual care

• Advance misoprostol distribution to pregnant women for preventing and treating postpartum haemorrhage 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 299 participants
  Very low

Technique of BP measurement: Korotkoff phase IV vs Korotkoff phase V to represent diastolic BP

• Setting and techniques for monitoring blood pressure during pregnancy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 220 participants
  GRADE not reported

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and minerals) vs daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… led to lower maternal death (death while pregnant or within 42 days of… compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes; GRADE not reported.

• Intermittent oral iron supplementation during pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0 [0, 0]
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Any supplements containing iron and folic acid vs same supplements without iron nor folic acid (no iron nor folic acid or placebo)

• Daily oral iron supplementation during pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 131 participants
  Low

Any supplements containing iron vs same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or placebo)

It is very uncertain whether (Maternal outcomes) Any supplements containing iron changes maternal death (death while pregnant or within 42 days of… compared with same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or… (very low certainty).

• Daily oral iron supplementation during pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.01, 8.19]
  2 studies · 12560 participants
  Very low

Home (point‐of‐use) fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders vs iron folic acid (IFA)

• Multiple micronutrient powders for home (point‐of‐use) fortification of foods in pregnant women 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Home (point‐of‐use) fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders vs multiple micronutrients (MMN)

• Multiple micronutrient powders for home (point‐of‐use) fortification of foods in pregnant women 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Acupressure vs sham control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Acupuncture or acupressure for induction of labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Acupressure vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Acupuncture or acupressure for induction of labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in B1: Maternal death – all women compared with single course (low certainty).

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.32 [0.01, 7.81]
  1 study · 437 participants
  Low

Respiratory syncytial virus vaccine vs placebo

Respiratory syncytial virus vaccine showed no clear difference in maternal death compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Respiratory syncytial virus vaccination during pregnancy for improving infant outcomes 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3 [0.12, 73.5]
  3 studies · 7977 participants
  Low

Heparin prophylaxis vs no treatment/placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found