What do systematic reviews say?

Immune‐enhancing supplements (oral or enteral) vs usual care or control

• Preoperative nutrition therapy in people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 688 participants
  Low

Oral nutritional supplements vs usual care or control

• Preoperative nutrition therapy in people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 299 participants
  Low

Preoperative parenteral nutrition vs usual care or control

• Preoperative nutrition therapy in people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 135 participants
  Very low

Preoperative enteral nutrition (standard formula) vs usual care or control

• Preoperative nutrition therapy in people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 126 participants
  Very low

Antibiotics vs surgery

It is very uncertain whether antibiotics changes length of hospital stay (days) compared with surgery (very low certainty).

• Appendectomy versus antibiotic treatment for acute appendicitis 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 0.54 [0.06, 1.01]
  11 studies · 3192 participants
  Very low

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  16 studies · 1346 participants
  Low

Laparoscopic vs open appendectomy

• Laparoscopic versus open surgery for suspected appendicitis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 316 participants
  Low
• Laparoscopic versus open surgery for suspected appendicitis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  46 studies · 5127 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Chewing gum for postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  50 studies · 5278 participants
  Moderate

Early vs delayed laparoscopic appendicectomy

It is very uncertain whether early changes total length of hospital stay (days) compared with delayed laparoscopic appendicectomy (very low certainty).

• Early versus delayed appendicectomy for appendiceal phlegmon or abscess 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 40 participants
  Very low

Early vs delayed open or laparoscopic appendicectomy

It is very uncertain whether early changes total length of hospital stay (days) compared with delayed open or laparoscopic appendicectomy (very low certainty).

• Early versus delayed appendicectomy for appendiceal phlegmon or abscess 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 680 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in total length of hospital stay (days) (low certainty).

• Fibrin sealants for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic fistula following pancreatic surgery 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 447 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Fibrin sealants for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic fistula following pancreatic surgery 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 351 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes total length of hospital stay (days) (very low certainty).

• Fibrin sealants for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic fistula following pancreatic surgery 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 0.99
  2 studies · 371 participants
  Very low

Daikenchuto vs control

• Daikenchuto for reducing postoperative ileus in patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 292 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  11 studies · 1075 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  13 studies · 1156 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 271 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 190 participants
  Low