Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

6 questions · 6 findings · 4 reviews · Neonatal

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 1 · 16.7%Very low 1 · 16.7%Low 3 · 50%Moderate 1 · 16.7%High 0 · 0%

HFNC vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Death (before hospital discharge) or BPD (supplemental oxygen/respiratory support at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age if born < 32 weeks' gestation, or 28 days if born ≥ 32 weeks' gestation) · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support

Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in death (before hospital discharge) or BPD(supplemental… compared with continuous positive airway pressure (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nasal high flow therapy for primary respiratory support in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.09 [0.74, 1.6]
7 studies · 1830 participants
Low

HFNC vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Death · respiratory support in term infants (infants ≥ 37 weeks gestational age to the end of the neonatal period (up to 1 month postnatal age))

1 finding from 1 review

High flow nasal cannula for respiratory support in term infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 439 participants
GRADE not reported

HFNC vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support

Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in death (before hospital discharge) compared with continuous positive airway pressure (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nasal high flow therapy for primary respiratory support in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.78 [0.44, 1.39]
9 studies · 2009 participants
Low

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs supplemental oxygen

Treatment failure (death or use of additional ventilatory support) · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support

It is very uncertain whether CPAP changes treatment failure (death or use of additional ventilatory support) compared with supplemental oxygen (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.64 [0.5, 0.82]
5 studies · 322 participants
Very low

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Death at any time · preterm infants

Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in death at any time compared with supportive care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.04 [0.56, 1.93]
4 studies · 765 participants
Moderate

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Death or oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age · preterm infants

Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in combined outcome of death and bronchopulmonary dysplasia defined as… compared with supportive care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.69 [0.4, 1.19]
1 study · 256 participants
Low