What do systematic reviews say?

Oral nutritional supplements vs multivitamin and mineral supplement

Oral nutritional supplements showed no clear difference in complications compared with multivitamin and mineral supplement (low certainty).

• Perioperative nutrition for the treatment of bladder cancer by radical cystectomy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.73 [0.47, 1.13]
  1 study · 61 participants
  Low

Oral nutritional supplements vs usual care or control

It is very uncertain whether oral nutritional supplements changes infectious complications recorded up to 30 days postdischarge compared with usual care or control (very low certainty).

• Preoperative nutrition therapy in people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.88 [0.6, 1.27]
  5 studies · 473 participants
  Very low

Oral nutritional supplements vs usual care or control

Oral nutritional supplements showed no clear difference in non‐infectious complications recorded up to 30 days postdischarge compared with usual care or control (low certainty).

• Preoperative nutrition therapy in people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.9 [0.67, 1.2]
  5 studies · 473 participants
  Low

Dietary advice plus supplements vs no dietary advice plus no supplements

Dietary advice plus supplements may leads to lower complications compared with no dietary advice plus no supplements (low certainty).

• Dietary advice with or without oral nutritional supplements for disease‐related malnutrition in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.42 [0.2, 0.89]
  1 study · 50 participants
  Low

Dietary advice vs dietary advice plus oral nutritional supplements

Dietary advice may leads to lower complications compared with dietary advice plus oral nutritional supplements (low certainty).

• Dietary advice with or without oral nutritional supplements for disease‐related malnutrition in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.75 [0.56, 0.99]
  3 studies · 317 participants
  Low

Dietary advice vs oral nutritional supplements

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Dietary advice with or without oral nutritional supplements for disease‐related malnutrition in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Multinutrient supplements (oral) vs control

Multinutrient supplements (oral) may leads to lower participants with complications (e.g. pressure sore, chest… compared with control (low certainty).

• Nutritional supplementation for hip fracture aftercare in older people 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.71 [0.59, 0.86]
  11 studies · 727 participants
  Low

Dietary advice plus supplements vs no advice

Dietary advice plus supplements if required showed no clear difference in complications compared with no advice (low certainty).

• Dietary advice with or without oral nutritional supplements for disease‐related malnutrition in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.56 [0.22, 1.46]
  2 studies · 280 participants
  Low

Dietary advice vs no advice

• Dietary advice with or without oral nutritional supplements for disease‐related malnutrition in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 148 participants
  Low