Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

82 questions · 87 findings · 36 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 19 · 21.8%GRADE not reported 6 · 6.9%Very low 22 · 25.3%Low 18 · 20.7%Moderate 13 · 14.9%High 9 · 10.3%

Alternating pressure (active) air surfaces vs reactive air surfaces

All reported adverse events · pressure ulcer prevention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Alternating pressure (active) air surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Alternating pressure (active) air surfaces vs reactive water‐filled surfaces

All reported adverse events · pressure ulcer prevention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Alternating pressure (active) air surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Alternating pressure (active) air surfaces vs reactive fibre surfaces

All reported adverse events · pressure ulcer prevention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Alternating pressure (active) air surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Alternating pressure (active) air surfaces vs foam surfaces

All reported adverse events · pressure ulcer prevention

1 finding from 1 review

Alternating pressure (active) air surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 2181 participants
Very low

Alternating pressure (active) air surfaces vs foam surfaces

All reported adverse events · people with pressure ulcers

1 finding from 1 review

Beds, overlays and mattresses for treating pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 49 participants
Very low

Alternating pressure (active) air surfaces on operating tables and subsequently on ward beds vs reactive gel surfaces on operating tables followed by foam surfaces on ward beds

All reported adverse events · pressure ulcer prevention

1 finding from 1 review

Alternating pressure (active) air surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 198 participants
Very low

Blood pressure intervention/intensive blood pressure intervention vs placebo/standard blood pressure intervention

Adverse events—all‐cause mortality · type 1 or type 2 diabetics

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure control for diabetic retinopathy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 participants
GRADE not reported

Tricylic antidepressant vs placebo

Adverse events (disease‐related: all physical symptoms); · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with depression

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 30 participants
Very low

Foam surfaces vs alternating pressure (active) air surfaces

All reported adverse events · pressure ulcer prevention

1 finding from 1 review

Foam surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 2181 participants
Very low

Reactive air surfaces vs alternating pressure (active) air surfaces

All reported adverse events · pressure ulcer prevention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Reactive air surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Reactive fibre surfaces vs alternating pressure (active) air surfaces

All reported adverse events · preventing pressure ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Alternative reactive support surfaces (non‐foam and non‐air‐filled) for preventing pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Reactive gel surfaces on operating tables followed by foam surfaces on ward beds vs alternating pressure (active) air surfaces on operating tables and subsequently on ward beds

All reported adverse events · preventing pressure ulcers

1 finding from 1 review

Alternative reactive support surfaces (non‐foam and non‐air‐filled) for preventing pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 198 participants
Very low

Reactive water surfaces vs alternating pressure (active) air surfaces

All reported adverse events · preventing pressure ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Alternative reactive support surfaces (non‐foam and non‐air‐filled) for preventing pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) vs usual care

Serious adverse events (falls) Median · older people at risk of poor health outcomes

It is very uncertain whether comprehensive Geriatric Assessment changes serious adverse events (falls) Median compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment for community‐dwelling, high‐risk, frail, older people 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.82 [0.58, 1.17]
2 studies · 1380 participants
Very low

Antibiotics vs placebo or no treatment

All adverse events · children with previous UTI and most do not have a renal tract abnormality such as VUR

Antibiotic treatment showed no clear difference in all adverse events compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Long‐term antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.31 [0.03, 170.67]
2 studies · 914 participants
Low

Preloading nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) vs standard‐use NRT

Overall serious adverse events · people who smoke

Preloading nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) showed no clear difference in overall serious adverse events compared with standard‐use NRT (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Different doses, durations and modes of delivery of nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.11 [0.59, 2.09]
4 studies · 3908 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Adverse events: Falls · preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 378 participants
GRADE not reported

Foam surfaces vs reactive air surfaces

All reported adverse events · pressure ulcer prevention

1 finding from 1 review

Foam surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 72 participants
Very low

Foam surfaces vs reactive fibre surfaces

All reported adverse events · pressure ulcer prevention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Foam surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Foam surfaces vs reactive gel surfaces

All reported adverse events · pressure ulcer prevention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Foam surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found