Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

6 questions · 6 findings · 6 reviews · Heart

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 2 · 33.3%Low 2 · 33.3%Moderate 2 · 33.3%High 0 · 0%

Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) vs no RIPC

Composite endpoint (including all‐cause mortality, non‐fatal myocardial infarction and/or any new stroke assessed at 30 days after surgery) · people undergoing CABG (with or without valve surgery)

RIPC showed no clear difference in composite endpoint (including all‐cause mortality, non‐fatal… compared with no RIPC (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remote ischaemic preconditioning for coronary artery bypass grafting (with or without valve surgery) 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.99 [0.78, 1.25]
2 studies · 2463 participants
Moderate

High vs low blood pressure target

All‐cause mortality · adults undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

It is very uncertain whether high changes all‐cause mortality compared with low blood pressure target (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

High versus low blood pressure targets for cardiac surgery while on cardiopulmonary bypass 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [0.3, 5.9]
3 studies · 737 participants
Very low

Exercise vs no exercise

All‐cause mortality · adults after heart valve surgery

It is very uncertain whether exercise changes all‐cause mortality compared with no exercise (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.83 [0.26, 2.68]
2 studies · 131 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality · individuals with atrial fibrillation who are undergoing cardiac surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Concomitant atrial fibrillation surgery for people undergoing cardiac surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.14 [0.81, 1.59]
20 studies · 1829 participants
Low

Any glucocorticoid vs placebo

Mortality within the longest · Children having heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Glucocorticoid showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality at longest compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.83 [0.33, 2.07]
5 studies · 313 participants
Moderate

Prophylactic corticosteroids vs placebo or no corticosteroids

Mortality within the longest · adults diagnosed with coronary artery disease or cardiac valve disease, and candidates for cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Prophylactic corticosteroids showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (during the index hospital admission, or within… compared with placebo or no corticosteroids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic corticosteroids for cardiopulmonary bypass in adult cardiac surgery 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.75, 1.07]
25 studies · 14940 participants
Low