Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

18 questions · 19 findings · 6 reviews · Effective Practice and Organisation of Care

No studies found 2 · 10.5%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 13 · 68.4%Low 4 · 21.1%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Summary of findings: Any alternative model of care vs usual care

Falls · Nursing home residents (mean age 78.3 to 86.0 years; more than 66% women; 62.1% to 87.3% with dental prostheses)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Any alternative model of care changes adverse events/falls: proportion of residents with a fall at longest compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary‐level worker‐led collaborative care vs usual care

Adverse events ‐ death · adults with common mental disorders

It is very uncertain whether primary‐level worker‐led collaborative care changes adverse events ‐ death compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led interventions for adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use vs enhanced usual care

Adverse events ‐ death in past 12 months (RR > 1 denotes higher risk of death) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐led interventions for adult patients with harmful… changes adverse events ‐ deaths (RR < 1 denotes lower risk) compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions vs usual care or no treatment

Adverse events (RR > 1 denotes greater risk of harm) · adults with post‐traumatic stress or common mental disorders

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐led psychological interventions changes adverse events (RR > 1 denotes greater risk of harm) compared with usual or no care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions vs usual care

Adverse events RR < 1 indicates lower risk of adverse events · adults with common mental disorders

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions may leads to lower adverse events RR < 1 indicates lower risk of adverse events compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐ vs enhanced usual care

Adverse events ‐ death in past 12 months (RR > 1 denotes higher risk of death) · adult patients with alcohol dependence

It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐led interventions changes adverse events ‐ death in past 12 months (RR > 1 denotes higher risk… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Adverse events (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ incidence of alcohol‐related consequences ‐ accidents (RR > 1 denotes greater risk) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes adverse events (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ incidence of… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) vs usual care

Serious adverse events (falls) Median · older people at risk of poor health outcomes

It is very uncertain whether comprehensive Geriatric Assessment changes serious adverse events (falls) Median compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Short‐stay unit hospitalisation vs usual care

Serious adverse events at time point closest to 90 days · participants with internal medicine diseases and conditions

It is very uncertain whether short‐stay unit hospitalisation changes serious adverse events at time point closest to 90 days compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) vs usual care

Adverse events (unexpected cardiac or respiratory arrest) – non‐randomised studies ( · adult on acute hospital wards at risk of clinical deterioration
2 findings from 1 review