Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

20 questions · 22 findings · 10 reviews

No studies found 3 · 13.6%GRADE not reported 7 · 31.8%Very low 8 · 36.4%Low 4 · 18.2%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Psychological therapies vs usual care

Adverse events post‐intervention Number of people reporting an adverse event before completing the intervention · patients with fibromyalgia

Psychological therapies showed no clear difference in adverse events post‐intervention Number of people reporting an… compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions vs usual care

Treatment‐related adverse events Anxiety: GAD‐7 (Spitzer 2006) · children, adolescents or adults with CF

Summary of findings: psychological interventions showed no clear difference in treatment‐related adverse events Anxiety: GAD‐7 (Spitzer 2006) compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions vs usual care

Treatment‐related adverse events Depression PHQ‐8 (Kroenke 2009) · children, adolescents or adults with CF

Summary of findings: psychological interventions showed no clear difference in treatment‐related adverse events Depression PHQ‐8 (Kroenke 2009) compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CBT vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

Adverse events · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
1 finding from 1 review
  • Only 1 study reported adverse events as an outcome (Litt 2010): it found worsening symptoms in 13 people treated with an oral splint (as part of standard treatment) and 4 people treated with CBT.
    1 study · 101 participants
    Very low

Hypnosis vs relaxation

Adverse events · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
1 finding from 1 review

CBT vs alternative treatment

Adverse events · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
1 finding from 1 review
  • SoF: 3 studies reported minor adverse events in the control group; 1 study reported minor adverse events in psychological therapy group; 1 study reported that there were no adverse events. Results: NCT00066937 minor…
    5 studies
    Very low

CBT vs TAU

AEs · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
3 findings from 2 reviews · compare the 2 reviews