Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

68 questions · 68 findings · 20 reviews · Skin

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No studies found 5 · 7.4%GRADE not reported 3 · 4.4%Very low 14 · 20.6%Low 20 · 29.4%Moderate 25 · 36.8%High 1 · 1.5%

Serlopitant 0.25 mg vs placebo

Adverse events · chronic pruritus of unknown origin

It is very uncertain whether serlopitant 0.25 mg changes adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for chronic pruritus of unknown origin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.29 [0.75, 2.24]
1 study · 127 participants
Very low

Serlopitant 5 mg vs placebo

Adverse events · chronic pruritus of unknown origin

It is very uncertain whether serlopitant 5 mg changes adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for chronic pruritus of unknown origin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.48 [0.87, 2.5]
1 study · 127 participants
Very low

Serlopitant 1 mg vs placebo

Adverse events · chronic pruritus of unknown origin

It is very uncertain whether serlopitant 1 mg changes adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for chronic pruritus of unknown origin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.45 [0.86, 2.47]
1 study · 128 participants
Very low

Biotin vs placebo

Adverse events · infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis (including cradle cap)

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis (including cradle cap) 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 39 participants
GRADE not reported

Proprietary products vs placebo

Adverse events · infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis (including cradle cap)

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis (including cradle cap) 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 166 participants
Very low

Azoles vs placebo

Adverse events · participants with confirmed toenail onychomycosis

Azole showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral antifungal medication for toenail onychomycosis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.04 [0.97, 1.12]
9 studies · 3441 participants
Moderate

Complete cure and adverse events for terbinafine vs placebo

Adverse events · participants with confirmed toenail onychomycosis

Terbinafine showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral antifungal medication for toenail onychomycosis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.13 [0.87, 1.47]
4 studies · 399 participants
Moderate

Finasteride vs placebo

Adverse events · women with FPHL

Finasteride showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for female pattern hair loss 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.03 [0.45, 2.34]
1 study · 137 participants
Low

Minoxidil vs placebo

Adverse events · women with FPHL

Minoxidil showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for female pattern hair loss 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.24 [0.82, 1.87]
4 studies · 727 participants
Low

Summary of Findings Table ‐ IncobotulinumtoxinA 20U vs placebo

Major adverse events · glabellar lines

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A for facial wrinkles 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 547 participants
Moderate

Summary of Findings Table ‐ IncobotulinumtoxinA 20U vs placebo

Total adverse events · glabellar lines

Summary of Findings Table ‐ IncobotulinumtoxinA 20U showed no clear difference in total adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A for facial wrinkles 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.17 [0.9, 1.53]
2 studies · 547 participants
Low

Summary of Findings Table ‐ OnabotulinumtoxinA 20U vs placebo

Major adverse events · glabellar lines

Summary of Findings Table ‐ OnabotulinumtoxinA 20U probably leads to higher major adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A for facial wrinkles 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 3.62 [1.5, 8.74]
8 studies · 1390 participants
Moderate

Summary of Findings Table ‐ DaxibotulinumtoxinA 40U vs placebo

Major adverse events · glabellar lines

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A for facial wrinkles 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 716 participants
Moderate

Summary of Findings Table ‐ DaxibotulinumtoxinA 40U vs placebo

Total adverse events · glabellar lines

Summary of Findings Table ‐ DaxibotulinumtoxinA 40U probably leads to higher total adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A for facial wrinkles 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.23 [1.46, 3.4]
2 studies · 716 participants
Moderate

Summary of Findings Table ‐ OnabotulinumtoxinA 20U vs placebo

Total adverse events · glabellar lines

Summary of Findings Table ‐ OnabotulinumtoxinA 20U showed no clear difference in total adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A for facial wrinkles 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.14 [0.89, 1.45]
8 studies · 1388 participants
Low

Summary of Findings Table ‐ AbobotulinumtoxinA 50U vs placebo

Total adverse events · glabellar lines

Summary of Findings Table ‐ AbobotulinumtoxinA 50U may leads to higher total adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A for facial wrinkles 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.25 [1.05, 1.49]
8 studies · 1471 participants
Low

Oral hydroxychloroquine vs placebo

Minor adverse events · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Oral hydroxychloroquine showed no clear difference in adverse events: minor compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.32 [0.24, 7.19]
1 study · 47 participants
Moderate

Oral dehydroepiandrosterone vs placebo

Minor adverse events · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Oral dehydroepiandrosterone probably leads to higher adverse events: minor compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 10.5 [3.26, 33.75]
1 study · 381 participants
Moderate

Oral chloroquine vs placebo

Minor adverse events · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Oral methotrexate vs placebo

Minor adverse events · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Oral methotrexate showed no clear difference in adverse events: minor compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.68 [0.39, 1.17]
1 study · 86 participants
Moderate