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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,514 questions · 1,543 findings · 649 reviews

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No studies found 224 · 14.5%GRADE not reported 105 · 6.8%Very low 383 · 24.8%Low 447 · 29%Moderate 293 · 19%High 91 · 5.9%

Paracetamol vs placebo

Serious adverse events Up to 12 weeks' · Patients with acute low‐back pain

Paracetamol showed no clear difference in serious adverse events Up to 12 weeks' compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Febuxostat 80 mg/day vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with chronic gout

Febuxostat 80 mg/day showed no clear difference in discontinuations due to adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Febuxostat 120 mg/day vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · patients with chronic cout

Febuxostat 120 mg/day showed no clear difference in discontinuations due to adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Febuxostat 40 mg/day vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with chronic gout

Febuxostat 40 mg/day showed no clear difference in discontinuations due to adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs no drug or placebo

Other adverse events clinical criteria · patients with Shigella dysentery

It is very uncertain whether antibiotic changes other adverse events clinical criteria compared with no drug or placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies (EpAbs) vs saline placebo

Adverse events: all grades · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies… showed no clear difference in adverse events of any grade (by day 28) compared with saline placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids vs placebo/no treatment/supportive treatment/steroids

Adverse events ‐ infection at 36 months · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids changes adverse events ‐ infection at 36 months compared with placebo/no treatment/supportive treatment/steroids (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rotarix vs placebo

Serious adverse events: intussusception · children

Rotarix showed no clear difference in serious adverse events: intussusception compared with placebo (low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

RotaTeq vs placebo

Serious adverse events: intussusception · children

RotaTeq showed no clear difference in serious adverse events: intussusception compared with placebo (low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Aspirin vs placebo

Adverse events in the mother ‐ Bleeding · women with persistent antiphospholipid antibodies and recurrent pregnancy loss

It is very uncertain whether aspirin changes adverse events in the mother ‐ Bleeding compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review