Antibiotics vs no drug or placebo
Serious adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
Findings
What do systematic reviews say?
1,514 questions · 1,543 findings · 649 reviews
No studies found 224 · 14.5%GRADE not reported 105 · 6.8%Very low 383 · 24.8%Low 447 · 29%Moderate 293 · 19%High 91 · 5.9%
Methotrexate vs placebo
Serious adverse events(up to 6 months) · children and young people with JIA
Methotrexate showed no clear difference in serious adverse events(up to 6 months) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.63 [0.04, 8.97]3 studies · 328 participantsLow
Remdesivir and standard care vs placebo or usual care
Serious adverse events at up to day 28 · non‐hospitalised adults with mild COVID‐19
Remdesivir and standard care may leads to lower serious adverse events at up to day 28 compared with standard care (plus/minus placebo) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.27 [0.1, 0.7]1 study · 562 participantsLow
Remdesivir and standard care vs placebo or usual care
Serious adverse events at up to day 28 · hospitalised individuals with COVID‐19 (moderate to severe disease)
Remdesivir and standard care showed no clear difference in serious adverse events at up to day 28 compared with standard care (plus/minus placebo) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.84 [0.65, 1.07]4 studies · 2498 participantsLow
Casirivimab/imdevimab vs placebo
Serious adverse events within 6 months · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2
It is very uncertain whether casirivimab/imdevimab changes serious adverse events within 6 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.82 [0.16, 4.21]1 study · 969 participantsVery low
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors vs placebo
Withdrawals due to adverse events · adult men with premature ejaculation
SSRI may leads to higher study withdrawal due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Selective serotonin re‐uptake inhibitors for premature ejaculation in adult men 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 3.8 [2.61, 5.51]20 studies · 7367 participantsLow
Opioids vs placebo
Maternal adverse events (6 to 8 hours) · women who have given birth vaginally, requiring analgesia for after‐birth pains.
Opioid showed no clear difference in maternal adverse events (6 to 8 hours) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Relief of pain due to uterine cramping/involution after birth 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.59 [0.99, 2.55]3 studies · 188 participantsLow
NSAIDs vs placebo
Maternal adverse events · women who have given birth vaginally, requiring analgesia for after‐birth pains.
NSAID showed no clear difference in maternal adverse events (4 to 8 hours) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Relief of pain due to uterine cramping/involution after birth 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.05 [0.78, 1.41]9 studies · 598 participantsLow
Nimodipine vs placebo
Adverse events during treatment period · people with acute ischemic stroke
Nimodipine showed no clear difference in adverse events during treatment period compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.93 [0.74, 1.16]11 studies · 4604 participantsModerate
Flunarizine vs placebo
Adverse events during treatment period · people with acute ischemic stroke
Flunarizine may leads to higher adverse events during treatment period compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 3.16 [1.91, 5.21]1 study · 331 participantsLow
Isradipine vs placebo
Adverse events during treatment period · people with acute ischemic stroke
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
Other calcium antagonists vs placebo
Adverse events during treatment period · people with acute ischemic stroke
Other calcium antagonists showed no clear difference in adverse events during treatment period compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.19 [0.52, 2.72]1 study · 160 participantsLow
Calcium antagonists vs placebo
Adverse events during treatment period · people with acute ischemic stroke
Calcium antagonists showed no clear difference in adverse events during treatment period compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.18 [0.81, 1.74]13 studies · 5095 participantsModerate
Oral magnesium pidolate vs placebo or no intervention
Adverse events: diarrhoea and headache · people with sickle cell disease
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted1 study · 12 participantsModerate
Omega‐3 vs placebo
Serious adverse events: major bleeding · dialysis vascular access outcomes in AVG patients with ESKD
It is very uncertain whether omega‐3 fatty acids changes serious adverse events: major bleeding compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Omega‐3 fatty acids for dialysis vascular access outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRD 0.083 studies · 65 participantsVery low
Omega‐3 vs placebo
Serious adverse events: major bleeding · Dialysis vascular access outcomes in AVF patients with ESKD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- Omega‐3 fatty acids for dialysis vascular access outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
Celecoxib vs placebo
Number withdrawn due to adverse events · patients with osteoarthritis
Celecoxib showed no clear difference in number withdrawn due to adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Peto OR 0.99 [0.85, 1.15]24 studies · 10996 participantsModerate
Beta‐2 agonists vs placebo
Adverse events after tiotropium 5.0 µg · adults and children with cystic fibrosis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
LAMA vs placebo
Adverse events after tiotropium 5.0 µg · adults and children with cystic fibrosis
LAMAs showed no clear difference in adverse events after tiotropium 5.0 µg compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.96 [0.88, 1.04]2 studies · 807 participantsHigh
Antibiotics vs placebo
Minor adverse events in sexual partner · sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis
Any antibiotic treatment may leads to higher minor adverse events in sexual partner compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Antibiotic treatment for the sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 2.55 [1.55, 4.18]3 studies · 477 participantsLow