Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,041 questions · 1,056 findings · 283 reviews

No studies found 346 · 32.8%GRADE not reported 111 · 10.5%Very low 326 · 30.9%Low 195 · 18.5%Moderate 66 · 6.3%High 12 · 1.1%

Tonsillectomy vs no intervention

Proportion of participants with adverse events and severe adverse events · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

It is very uncertain whether tonsillectomy changes proportion of participants with adverse events and severe adverse… compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acetazolamide vs placebo

Adverse events: Paresthesias‐ Follow‐ up: From arrival to 24 hours later · participants at risk of high altitude illness

Acetazolamide may leads to higher adverse events: Paresthesias‐ Follow‐ up: From arrival to 24 hours… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intensive insulin therapy vs conventional insulin therapy

Serious adverse events, ‐ in total population randomised ‐ hypoglycaemia · critically ill patients

Intensive insulin therapy leads to higher serious adverse events, ‐ in total population randomised ‐… compared with conventional insulin therapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical vs non‐surgical treatment

Adverse events / complications ‐ Number of participants with complications · (mainly older) adults with most types of displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (10 trials)

Surgical showed no clear difference in adverse events / complications ‐ Number of participants with… compared with non‐surgical treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cyclosporin vs mycophenolate mofetil with pulse dexamethasone

Adverse effects (weeks 0 to 26): serious infection requiring hospitalisation · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

Cyclosporin showed no clear difference in adverse events (weeks 0 to 26): serious infection requiring… compared with mycophenolate mofetil with pulse dexamethasone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroids vs placebo compared

Serious adverse events (dichotomous data) ‐ suspected or probable pneumonia · critically ill patients

Corticosteroids showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (dichotomous data) ‐ suspected or probable… compared with placebo compared (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Potassium citrate vs no intervention

Proportion of participants with adverse events while undergoing intervention · children with idiopathic urinary calculi treated with shockwave lithotripsy

It is very uncertain whether potassium citrate changes proportion of participants with adverse events while undergoing… compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise vs control immediately post intervention

Adverse events The timing of measurement was post‐intervention for all studies · people with multiple sclerosis

Exercise showed no clear difference in adverse events The timing of measurement was post‐intervention for… compared with control (post‐intervention) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Providing information about the residents? fall risk vs usual care

Serious adverse events related to the use of physical restraints ‐ not measured · older people in all long‐term care settings

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Impulsive lifestyle counselling + treatment‐as‐usual vs usual care

Adverse events:incarceration Assessed by: incarceration between a 3‐ and 9‐month · adults with antisocial personality disorder

It is very uncertain whether impulsive lifestyle counselling + treatment‐as‐usual changes adverse events:incarceration Assessed by: incarceration between a 3‐… compared with treatment‐as‐usual alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review