Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

93 questions · 97 findings · 36 reviews

No studies found 4 · 4.1%GRADE not reported 4 · 4.1%Very low 18 · 18.6%Low 32 · 33%Moderate 30 · 30.9%High 9 · 9.3%

160/4.5 mcg BDF single inhaler therapy vs current best practice

Fatal serious adverse events · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS

160/4.5 mcg BDF single inhaler therapy showed no clear difference in fatal serious adverse events compared with current best practice (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Stopping LABA vs continuing use of LABA+ICS

Serious adverse events 17 weeks · adults with asthma well controlled on LABA and ICS

Stopping LABA showed no clear difference in serious adverse events 17 weeks compared with continuing use of LABA+ICS (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LAMA add‐on vs long‐acting beta2‐agonists (LABA) add‐on

Serious adverse events 22 weeks · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS

Long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) add‐on showed no clear difference in serious adverse events 22 weeks compared with long‐acting beta2‐agonists (LABA) add‐on (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium + LABA/ICS combination vs tiotropium

Non‐fatal serious adverse events · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Tiotropium + LABA/ICS combination showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (non‐fatal) compared with tiotropium (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

160/4.5 mcg BDF single inhaler therapy vs current best practice

Non‐fatal serious adverse events · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS

160/4.5 mcg BDF single inhaler therapy showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (non‐fatal) compared with current best practice (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

160/4.5 mcg BDF single inhaler therapy vs current best practice

Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS

160/4.5 mcg BDF single inhaler therapy probably leads to higher discontinuation due to adverse events compared with current best practice (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LAMA vs placebo

Adverse events after tiotropium 5.0 µg · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

LAMAs showed no clear difference in adverse events after tiotropium 5.0 µg compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Non‐fatal, serious adverse events (all) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The intervention showed no clear difference in non‐fatal, serious adverse events (all) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Non‐fatal, serious adverse events (all) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The intervention showed no clear difference in non‐fatal, serious adverse events (all) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Children: formoterol/fluticasone vs regular salmeterol and fluticasone

Non‐fatal serious adverse events · children with chronic asthma

Children: formoterol/fluticasone showed no clear difference in all‐cause non‐fatal serious adverse events compared with salmeterol/fluticasone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review