Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,199 questions · 1,226 findings · 451 reviews

No studies found 289 · 23.6%GRADE not reported 121 · 9.9%Very low 350 · 28.5%Low 279 · 22.8%Moderate 139 · 11.3%High 48 · 3.9%

Blood pressure intervention/intensive blood pressure intervention vs placebo/standard blood pressure intervention

Adverse events: hypotension · type 1 or type 2 diabetics

Blood pressure intervention/intensive blood pressure intervention may leads to higher adverse events—hypotension compared with placebo/standard blood pressure intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

Adverse events: malignancy · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether immunosuppressive treatment changes adverse events: malignancy at final compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

Adverse events: infection at 3 years · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether immunosuppressive treatment changes adverse events: infection at 3 years compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine rinse (0.12% and 0.2%, pre- and post-extraction) vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse events · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Follow-up: median 7 days
    3 trials reported no adverse events. 1 study reported adverse events (alterations in taste, bad taste, staining) in 24/62 in chlorhexidine group versus 0/40 in placebo group, Peto OR = 8.42 (95% CI 3.31 to 21.39). A…
    6 studies
    GRADE not reported

Antidepressants vs placebo

Proportion of participants who withdrew due to adverse events between 0 and 14 weeks · predominantly knee osteoarthritis

Antidepressant probably leads to higher proportion of participants who withdrew due to adverse events… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review