What do systematic reviews say?

Triclosan/copolymer-containing fluoride toothpaste vs Fluoride toothpaste without triclosan

Triclosan/copolymer-containing fluoride toothpaste showed no clear difference in adverse effects (tooth staining, Meckel Stain Score, 6 months) compared with fluoride toothpaste without triclosan; GRADE not reported.

• Triclosan/copolymer containing toothpastes for oral health 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 months
  MD -0.15 [-0.60, 0.30]
  1 study · 325 participants
  GRADE not reported

Fluoride toothpaste containing 10% xylitol vs Fluoride toothpaste alone

• Xylitol‐containing products for preventing dental caries in children and adults 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2.5 to 3 years
  Adverse effects: both studies reported that there were no adverse effects in either the xylitol or control group.
  2 studies · 4216 participants
  GRADE not reported

Topical fluoride therapy (toothpaste, mouthrinse, gel or varnish; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs placebo or no treatment

• Topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels or varnishes) for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents 2003 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Data on adverse effects (stain score, proportion of children with tooth staining, signs of sensitivity in oral soft tissue, adverse symptoms such as nausea/vomiting, etching of enamel) were reported in only a few…
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

Resin composite restorations containing antibacterial agents vs Non-antibacterial containing composite restorations

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Antibacterial agents in composite restorations for the prevention of dental caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No studies were included in this review, as we were unable to find any trials directly comparing antibacterial containing composites to other active interventions or controls.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Cooling treatment (cold gel pad)+compression vs placebo (gel pad+compression)

• Local cooling for relieving pain from perineal trauma sustained during childbirth 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Fluoride mouthrinse, gel or varnish combined with fluoride toothpaste (any combined regimen) vs Fluoride toothpaste alone

• Combinations of topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels, varnishes) versus single topical fluoride for… 2004 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse-effect data scarcely reported: a stain score in one trial and 'any side effects' in one trial without complete or useable data (stated 'no side effects observed in both groups'). No useful information on tooth…
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

HP paint-on gel vs HP paint-on gel

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Tooth sensitivity in both groups with no evidence of a difference (Ziebolz 2008)
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

HP gel in tray vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Not reported
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

HP mouthwash vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Not reported
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

CP paint-on gel vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Not reported
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

CP gel in tray vs placebo

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Main adverse events reported in majority of trials were mild and transient tooth sensitivity and oral irritation which occurred more in the intervention group compared to placebo
  3 studies
  GRADE not reported

HP strips vs HP gel in tray

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Tooth sensitivity and oral irritation mild and transient and did not differ between groups
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

HP paint-on gel vs HP strips

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse events mild; slightly higher tooth hypersensitivity and gingival irritation in strip group but no evidence of a difference
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

SHMP chewing gum vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Not reported
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

CP paint-on gel vs HP paint-on gel

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Not reported
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

CP paint-on gel vs CP paint-on gel

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Very mild tooth sensitivity in the 4x/day group; gingival and tooth sensitivity transient, none withdrew
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

CP gel in tray vs CP gel in tray

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Higher concentrations of CP in tray led to more tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation; symptoms mild and transient; CP with desensitiser showed significantly less sensitivity
  4 studies
  GRADE not reported

HP strips vs CP gel in tray

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Results variable for tooth sensitivity and oral irritation, some favouring strip, some tray, some no difference
  7 studies
  GRADE not reported

SPC paint-on gel vs CP paint-on gel

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  One subject in 19% SPC group reported oral sensitivity; all adverse events mild (Barlow 2003)
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

SPC paint-on gel vs HP strips

• Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Tooth sensitivity and oral irritation most common adverse events with strip use; symptomatic only (Bizhang 2007)
  1 study
  GRADE not reported