What do systematic reviews say?

Summary of findings table 4: refining rehabilitation: three months of postoperative night splinting with hand therapy vs hand therapy alone

• Surgery for Dupuytren's contracture of the fingers 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 225 participants
  Low

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (or no irradiation)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse effects: Not measured.
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Physiotherapy and occupational therapy vs placebo

• Treatment for speech disorder in Friedreich ataxia and other hereditary ataxia syndromes 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 42 participants
  GRADE not reported

Antifibrinolytic therapy - locally-applied tranexamic acid (TXA) mouthwash/solution (SoF eligibility: TXA or EACA; all included trials used topical TXA) vs Placebo mouthwash

Antifibrinolytic therapy - locally-applied tranexamic acid (TXA)… showed no clear difference in side effects or other adverse events requiring withdrawal compared with placebo (placebo solution/mouthwash) (moderate certainty).

• Antifibrinolytic therapy for preventing oral bleeding in people on anticoagulants undergoing minor oral surgery or… 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  7 days
  RD 0.00 [-0.04, 0.04]
  2 studies · 128 participants
  Moderate

CBT vs No special instructions (control)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse effects for CBT: Not measured.
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Fluoride gel (topically applied; operator- or self-applied; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs High-content fluoride toothpaste (1350 ppm)

• Interventions for preventing osteoradionecrosis of the jaws in adults receiving head and neck radiotherapy 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  14 to 36 months
  Adverse effects were an outcome of interest in the study conducting this comparison, however no mention was made of the presence or absence of any adverse events
  1 study · 220 participants
  Very low

Hyperbaric oxygen vs air breathing

Hyperbaric oxygen leads to higher adverse effects compared with air breathing (high certainty).

• Hyperbaric oxygenation for tumour sensitisation to radiotherapy 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.05 [1.22, 3.46]
  3 studies · 456 participants
  High

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF; palifermin or repifermin), intravenous vs placebo

• Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No evidence of a difference in reported adverse events across the three trials (nausea, fever, constipation, diarrhoea, headache, fatigue and others)
  3 studies
  GRADE not reported

Amifostine (intravenous) vs Amifostine (subcutaneous)

• Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Increased hypotension with intravenous delivery (20% vs 8%; P = 0.007); skin rash (10% vs 22%; P = 0.012) and local pain at injection site (0% vs 8%; P = 0.001) worse with subcutaneous; inconclusive for…
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Chemotherapy versus best supportive care for extensive small cell lung cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 542 participants
  Moderate

Negative pressure wound therapy vs conventional open wound healing

• Dressings and topical agents for the management of open wounds after surgical treatment for sacrococcygeal pilonidal… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 68 participants
  GRADE not reported

Full‐mouth ultrasonic scaling plus photodynamic therapy vs full‐mouth ultrasonic scaling alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Treatment of dental and orthodontic complications in thalassaemia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Periodontal treatment (scaling and root planing, polishing, or surgery), alone or with oral hygiene counselling, antiseptics, or antimicrobials vs no treatment

• Treating periodontal disease for preventing adverse birth outcomes in pregnant women 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  0% in both groups; Not estimated; 2389 participants (4 RCTs)
  4 studies · 2389 participants
  GRADE not reported

Periodontal treatment (scaling and root planing, alone or with antimicrobials) vs Alternative (less intensive) periodontal treatment, alone or with placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Treating periodontal disease for preventing adverse birth outcomes in pregnant women 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse effects of therapy: Not reported for this comparison.
  0 studies
  No studies found

S‐adenosyl methionine as monotherapy vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

S‐adenosyl methionine as monotherapy may leads to lower acceptability. Participants experiencing troublesome adverse effects… compared with tricyclic antidepressant agent (low certainty).

• S‐adenosyl methionine (SAMe) for depression in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.68 [0.52, 0.88]
  3 studies · 604 participants
  Low

S‐adenosyl methionine as monotherapy vs SSRI

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• S‐adenosyl methionine (SAMe) for depression in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

S‐adenosyl methionine as monotherapy vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• S‐adenosyl methionine (SAMe) for depression in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Light therapies (including photodynamic therapy) vs placebo, no treatment, topical treatment and other comparators

• Light therapies for acne 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  66 studies · 3945 participants
  Very low

CANNABIS REDUCTION: ADJUNCT PSYCHOLOGICAL THERAPY vs treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Cannabis and schizophrenia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + supportive intervention vs non‐directive reflective listening + supportive intervention

• Interventions for prodromal stage of psychosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported