Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

321 questions · 347 findings · 123 reviews

No studies found 67 · 19.3%GRADE not reported 64 · 18.4%Very low 87 · 25.1%Low 60 · 17.3%Moderate 51 · 14.7%High 18 · 5.2%

Flunarizine vs placebo

Adverse effects ‐ Blurred vision No of patients with blurred vision · patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy

Flunarizine showed no clear difference in adverse effects ‐ Blurred vision No of patients with blurred vision compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vigabatrin vs placebo

Adverse effects: nystagmus Duration of treatment (range): 16–18 weeks · people (aged 10–64 years) with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

Vigabatrin showed no clear difference in adverse effects: nystagmus Duration of treatment (range): 16–18 weeks compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Clobazam vs phenytoin

Adverse effects requiring withdrawal/discontinuation of study medication · drug‐naïve people with focal or generalized seizures with solitary cysticercus granuloma

Clobazam showed no clear difference in adverse effects requiring withdrawal/discontinuation of study… compared with phenytoin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vigabatrin vs placebo

Adverse effects: abnormal vision Duration of treatment (range): 8–36 weeks · people (aged 10–64 years) with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

It is very uncertain whether vigabatrin changes adverse effects: abnormal vision Duration of treatment (range): 8–36… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vigabatrin vs placebo

Adverse effects: dizziness, lightheadedness · people (aged 10–64 years) with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

Vigabatrin may leads to higher adverse effects: dizziness/light‐headedness Duration of treatment… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame add‐on vs placebo

Number experiencing adverse effects · patients between 3 to 15 months of age with West syndrome

It is very uncertain whether sulthiame add‐on changes adverse effects: total number of participants experiencing one or… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate vs placebo

Adverse effects ‐ difficulty with concentration/concentration impaired/concentration‐attention difficulties · people with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

Topiramate probably leads to higher adverse effects ‐ difficulty with concentration/concentration… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fexofenadine 120 mg/d vs placebo (1‐week intervention)

Primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse effects and serious adverse events throughout the study period · adults with eczema

Fexofenadine 120 mg/d showed no clear difference in primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse… compared with placebo (1‐week intervention) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Loratadine 10 mg vs placebo (4‐week intervention)

Primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse effects and serious adverse events throughout the study period · adults with eczema

Loratadine 10 mg/d showed no clear difference in primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse… compared with placebo (4‐week intervention) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cetirizine 0.5 mg/kg/d vs placebo (18‐month intervention)

Primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse effects and serious adverse events throughout the study period · children with eczema

Cetirizine 0.5 mg/kg/d showed no clear difference in primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse… compared with placebo (18‐month intervention) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cetirizine 10 mg/d vs placebo (4‐week intervention)

Primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse effects and serious adverse events throughout the study period · adults with eczema

Cetirizine 10 mg/d showed no clear difference in primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse… compared with placebo (4‐week intervention) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Quinolone vs macrolides

Quality of life Drug resistance/microbial sensitivity Serious adverse events Lung function Hospitalisations Adverse events/side effects Number of participants colonised with P aeruginosa · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Macrolides vs tetracycline

Quality of life Drug resistance/microbial sensitivity Serious adverse events Lung function Hospitalisations Adverse events/side effects Number of participants colonised with P aeruginosa · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Quinolone vs tetracycline

Quality of life Drug resistance/microbial sensitivity Serious adverse events Lung function Hospitalisations Adverse events/side effects Number of participants colonised with P aeruginosa · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

SCS treatment for 7 or fewer days vs SCS treatment

Adverse drug effects Gastrointestinal tract bleeding, symptomatic gastrointestinal reflux, symptoms of congestive heart failure or ischaemic heart disease, sleep disturbance, fractures, depression · exacerbations of COPD

SCS treatment for 7 or fewer days showed no clear difference in adverse drug effects Gastrointestinal tract bleeding, symptomatic… compared with SCS treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review