Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

Refine by population, intervention, comparison or outcome
More filters
Evidence found and GRADE certainty

461 questions · 486 findings · 147 reviews

No studies found 150 · 30.9%GRADE not reported 114 · 23.5%Very low 100 · 20.6%Low 58 · 11.9%Moderate 57 · 11.7%High 7 · 1.4%

Dietary supplements (alpha lipoic acid +/- adjunctive ingredients) vs placebo

Adverse effects: headache · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether dietary supplements (alpha lipoic acid +/- adjunctive ingredients) changes adverse effects: headache compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SEMS vs plastic tube

All major adverse effects · patients with dysphagia in oesophageal cancer

SEMS probably leads to lower all major adverse effects compared with plastic tube (main analysis) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CBT vs no treatment or waiting list

Serious adverse effects at end of treatment · adults with tinnitus

CBT showed no clear difference in serious adverse effects at end of treatment compared with no intervention/waiting list control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants (trazodone 200 mg/day) vs placebo

Frequency of adverse effects ‐ dizziness ( · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether antidepressants (trazodone 200 mg/day) changes adverse effects: dizziness compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Benzodiazepines (topical clonazepam) vs placebo

Adverse effects: dry mouth · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether benzodiazepines (topical clonazepam) changes adverse effects: dry mouth compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants (trazodone 200 mg/day) vs placebo

Adverse effects: dry mouth · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether antidepressants (trazodone 200 mg/day) changes adverse effects: dry mouth compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Unforeseen adverse effects · General public or any of its constituent groups (excluding groups comprising solely of people with mental ill health)
1 finding from 1 review

Home (point‐of‐use) fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders vs placebo or no intervention

Any adverse effects (e.g. hypervitaminosis A, as defined by the trialists) · preschool and school‐age children

Point‐of‐use fortification of foods with micronutrients powders (MNP) showed no clear difference in adverse effects (any, as defined by trialists) compared with no intervention or placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs sham

Number of participants reporting an adverse event · people with episodic migraine

Acupuncture showed no clear difference in number of participants reporting adverse effects compared with sham interventions (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidants vs control intervention

Adverse effects—cross‐over trials (unpaired data) · patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic pain

Antioxidant probably leads to higher adverse effects—cross‐over trials (unpaired data) compared with control intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary supplements (Catuama herbal compound) vs placebo

Somnolence · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether dietary supplements (Catuama herbal compound) changes adverse effects: drowsiness compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Benzodiazepines (topical clonazepam) vs placebo

Somnolence · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether benzodiazepines (topical clonazepam) changes adverse effects: drowsiness compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cholinergics (bethanechol 15 mg/day) vs placebo

Adverse effects (narrative) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
    short-term (up to 3 months)
    SoF4. Adverse effects: single study narratively reported 4 participants (20%) in the bethanechol arm experienced adverse events (nausea, dizziness, blood pressure fall, cold perspiration or sporadic abdominal pain);…
    1 study · 40 participants
    Very low

Anticonvulsants (gabapentin + alpha lipoic acid) vs placebo

Somnolence · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether anticonvulsants (gabapentin + alpha lipoic acid) changes adverse effects: drowsiness compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Physical barriers (tongue protector) vs placebo

Adverse effects (narrative) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
    short-term (up to 3 months)
    SoF7. Adverse effects: single study narratively reported that no adverse events occurred from the use of tongue protectors; 50 participants (1 RCT); low.
    1 study · 50 participants
    Low

Antidepressants (trazodone 200 mg/day) vs placebo

Somnolence · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether antidepressants (trazodone 200 mg/day) changes adverse effects: drowsiness compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary supplements (alpha lipoic acid +/- adjunctive ingredients) vs placebo

Somnolence · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether dietary supplements (alpha lipoic acid +/- adjunctive ingredients) changes adverse effects: drowsiness compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review