Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

5 questions · 5 findings · 3 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 3 · 60%High 2 · 40%

Tiotropium vs ipratropium

Exacerbations · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Participants in included studies had an average baseline FEV1 of around 40% predicted and…

Tiotropium leads to lower patients with one or more exacerbations compared with ipratropium (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium versus ipratropium bromide for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.71 [0.52, 0.95]
2 studies · 1073 participants
High

Tiotropium vs placebo

Exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) · people with COPD who have smoked for ≥ 10 pack‐years

Tiotropium leads to lower number of patients with one or more exacerbations compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium versus placebo for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.78 [0.7, 0.87]
22 studies · 23309 participants
High

Tiotropium vs placebo

Hospital admissions due to exacerbations: number of participants · people with COPD who have smoked for ≥ 10 pack‐years

Tiotropium showed no clear difference in number of patients with one or more exacerbations requiring… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium versus placebo for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.85 [0.72, 1]
21 studies · 22852 participants
Moderate

Tiotropium vs placebo

Hospital admissions · people with COPD who have smoked for ≥ 10 pack‐years

Tiotropium showed no clear difference in number of patients with one or more hospitalisations for any cause compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium versus placebo for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1 [0.88, 1.13]
19 studies · 20963 participants
Moderate

Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists

Hospitalisations, number of participants with 1 or more exacerbations · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history

Tiotropium probably leads to lower patients with 1 or more exacerbations compared with long‐acting beta‐agonists (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium versus long‐acting beta‐agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.86 [0.79, 0.93]
6 studies · 12123 participants
Moderate