Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

185 questions · 195 findings · 24 reviews

No studies found 31 · 15.9%GRADE not reported 36 · 18.5%Very low 63 · 32.3%Low 55 · 28.2%Moderate 10 · 5.1%High 0 · 0%

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or PTSD only vs psychological interventions

Treatment completers · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder

It is very uncertain whether non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or… changes treatment completers compared with active psychological intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions (including health education) vs usual care

Proportion of participants returning to work in the short term (up to 6 months) · patients with coronary heart disease

It is very uncertain whether psychological interventions (including health education) changes proportion of participants returning to work in the short term (up… compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions (including health education) vs usual care

Proportion of participants returning to work in the medium term (6 months ‐ 1 year) · patients with coronary heart disease

It is very uncertain whether psychological interventions (including health education) changes proportion of participants returning to work in the medium term (6… compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions (including health education) vs usual care

Return to work · patients with coronary heart disease

Psychological interventions (including health education) showed no clear difference in proportion of participants at work in the long term (> 1 to < 5 years) compared with usual care (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions vs usual care or no treatment

Adverse events (RR > 1 denotes greater risk of harm) · adults with post‐traumatic stress or common mental disorders

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐led psychological interventions changes adverse events (RR > 1 denotes greater risk of harm) compared with usual or no care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological intervention with or without other rehabilitation vs control (usual care/other rehabilitation)

Total mortalityDeaths · patients with coronary heart disease

Psychological intervention with or without other rehabilitation showed no clear difference in total mortalityDeaths compared with control (usual care/other rehabilitation) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological intervention with or without other rehabilitation vs control (usual care/other rehabilitation)

Cardiac mortalityDeaths · patients with coronary heart disease

Psychological intervention with or without other rehabilitation may leads to lower cardiac mortalityDeaths compared with control (usual care/other rehabilitation) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological intervention with or without other rehabilitation vs control (usual care/other rehabilitation)

Non‐fatal MI · patients with coronary heart disease

Psychological intervention with or without other rehabilitation showed no clear difference in non‐fatal MI compared with control (usual care/other rehabilitation) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological intervention with or without other rehabilitation vs control (usual care/other rehabilitation)

Revascularisation (CABG and PCI combined) · patients with coronary heart disease

Psychological intervention with or without other rehabilitation showed no clear difference in revascularisation (CABG and PCI combined) compared with control (usual care/other rehabilitation) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions (positive and negative reinforcement) vs no treatment

Sucking cessation (long term) · Children with a non-nutritive sucking habit (digit or pacifier)

Psychological interventions (positive and negative reinforcement) led to higher sucking cessation (long term) compared with no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological intervention + orthodontic treatment (palatal crib or palatal arch) vs no treatment

Adverse events · Children with a non-nutritive sucking habit (digit or pacifier)
1 finding from 1 review

Psychological intervention + orthodontic treatment (palatal crib or palatal arch) vs no treatment

Sucking cessation (short term) · Children with a non-nutritive sucking habit (digit or pacifier)

Psychological intervention + orthodontic treatment (palatal crib or… showed no clear difference in sucking cessation (short term) compared with no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions (positive/negative reinforcement, habit reversal, DRO) vs no treatment

Sucking cessation (short term) · Children with a non-nutritive sucking habit (digit or pacifier)

Psychological interventions (positive/negative reinforcement, habit… may leads to higher sucking cessation (short term) compared with no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review