Cochrane · systematic review · CD012530
Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
Goldenberg, JZ, Brignall, M, Hamilton, M, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2019 · Cochrane Library
GutAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
49
current version
GRADE rated
30
No studies
19
Included studies
NR
No studies 19 · 38.8%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 22 · 44.9%Low 8 · 16.3%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Biofeedback plus standard therapy compared to standard therapy for irritable bowel syndrome
Population: people with irritable bowel syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Clinical response (adequate improvement or remission) Biofeedback plus standard therapy vs standard therapy | RR 4.2 [1.4, 12.58] | 1 study · 20 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Quality of life (QoL) Biofeedback plus standard therapy vs standard therapy | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse events (AE) Biofeedback plus standard therapy vs standard therapy | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Serious adverse events (SAE) Biofeedback plus standard therapy vs standard therapy | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Abdominal pain (Pain) Biofeedback plus standard therapy vs standard therapy | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Biofeedback plus standard therapy compared to sham biofeedback plus standard therapy for irritable bowel syndrome
Population: people with irritable bowel syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Clinical response (adequate improvement or remission) Biofeedback plus standard therapy vs sham biofeedback plus standard therapy | RR 2.33 [1.13, 4.8] | 1 study · 20 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Quality of life (QoL) Biofeedback plus standard therapy vs sham biofeedback plus standard therapy | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse events (AE) Biofeedback plus standard therapy vs sham biofeedback plus standard therapy | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Serious adverse events (SAE) Biofeedback plus standard therapy vs sham biofeedback plus standard therapy | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Abdominal pain (Pain) Scale from: 0 to 4 Lower score = better Biofeedback plus standard therapy vs sham biofeedback plus standard therapy | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Biofeedback compared to hypnotherapy for irritable bowel syndrome
Population: people with irritable bowel syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Clinical symptoms (Improvement) Biofeedback vs hypnotherapy | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 61 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Quality of life (QoL) Biofeedback vs hypnotherapy | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse events (AE) Biofeedback vs hypnotherapy | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Serious adverse events (SAE) Biofeedback vs hypnotherapy | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Abdominal pain (Pain) Biofeedback vs hypnotherapy | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression Biofeedback vs hypnotherapy | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 61 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Anxiety Biofeedback vs hypnotherapy | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 61 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Biofeedback compared to counseling for irritable bowel syndrome
Population: people with irritable bowel syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Composite Primary Symptom Reduction Score (CPSR) Scale from: ‐100 to 100 Higher score = better Biofeedback vs counseling | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Clinical response Biofeedback vs counseling | RR 1.09 [0.48, 2.45] | 1 study · 29 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Quality of life (QoL) Biofeedback vs counseling | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Adverse events (AE) Biofeedback vs counseling | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Serious adverse events (SAE) Biofeedback vs counseling | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Abdominal pain (Pain) Scale from: 0 to 4 Lower score = better Biofeedback vs counseling | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) compared to no‐treatment control for irritable bowel syndrome
Population: people with irritable bowel syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Composite Primary Symptom Reduction Score (CPSR) Scale from: ‐100 to 100 higher score = better Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs no‐treatment control | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 101 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Clinical Response Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs no‐treatment control | RR 2.12 [1.24, 3.62] | 3 studies · 101 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Quality of life (QoL) Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs no‐treatment control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse events (AE) Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs no‐treatment control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Serious adverse events (SAE) Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs no‐treatment control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Abdominal pain (Pain) Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs no‐treatment control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 82 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Depression Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs no‐treatment control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 82 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Anxiety (state) Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs no‐treatment control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 82 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Anxiety (trait) Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs no‐treatment control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 82 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) compared to attention control for irritable bowel syndrome
Population: people with irritable bowel syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Composite Primary Symptom Reduction Score (CPSR) Scale from: 0% to 100% Higher score = better Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 80 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision |
Clinical response Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control | RR 1.1 [0.72, 1.69] | 2 studies · 80 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision |
Quality of life (QoL) Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse events (AE) Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Serious adverse events (SAE) Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Abdominal Pain (Pain) Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 80 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision |
Depression Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 80 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision |
Anxiety (state) Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 80 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision |
Anxiety (trait) Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 80 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision |
Biofeedback compared to relaxation training for irritable bowel syndrome
Population: people with irritable bowel syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Clinical improvement Biofeedback vs relaxation training | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 10 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Quality of life (QoL) Biofeedback vs relaxation training | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse events (AE) Biofeedback vs relaxation training | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Serious adverse events (SAE) Biofeedback vs relaxation training | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Stool Frequency Biofeedback vs relaxation training | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 10 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Abdominal pain (Pain) Biofeedback vs relaxation training | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 10 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Depression Biofeedback vs relaxation training | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 10 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Anxiety Biofeedback vs relaxation training | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 10 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |