Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

12 questions · 13 findings · 3 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 4 · 30.8%Low 3 · 23.1%Moderate 4 · 30.8%High 2 · 15.4%

Monotherapy vs combination therapy compared

Clinical failure—same beta lactam Antibiotic modifications · patients with sepsis

It is very uncertain whether monotherapy changes clinical failure—same beta lactam Antibiotic modifications compared with combination therapy compared (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Monotherapy vs combination therapy compared

Clinical failure—different beta lactam Antibiotic modifications · patients with sepsis

It is very uncertain whether monotherapy changes clinical failure—different beta lactam Antibiotic modifications compared with combination therapy compared (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Monotherapy vs combination therapy

Clinical cure · Ventilator‐associated pneumonia

It is very uncertain whether monotherapy changes clinical cure (ITT) compared with combination therapy (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

beta‐lactam monotherapy vs beta‐lactam (cloxacillin) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin)

All cause mortality · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

beta‐lactam monotherapy showed no clear difference in all cause mortality compared with beta‐lactam‐aminoglycoside combination therapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

beta‐lactam monotherapy vs beta‐lactam (cloxacillin) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin)

Any nephrotoxicity ‐ Ag dosing regimen (Copy) · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

beta‐lactam monotherapy leads to lower any nephrotoxicity ‐ Ag dosing regimen (Copy) compared with beta‐lactam‐aminoglycoside combination therapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

beta‐lactam monotherapy vs beta‐lactam (cloxacillin) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin)

Clinical failure—same beta lactam Antibiotic modifications · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

beta‐lactam monotherapy probably leads to higher treatment failure ‐ same beta‐lactam compared with beta‐lactam‐aminoglycoside combination therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

beta‐lactam monotherapy vs beta‐lactam (cloxacillin) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin)

Treatment failure ‐ different beta‐lactam · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

beta‐lactam monotherapy may leads to lower treatment failure ‐ different beta‐lactam compared with beta‐lactam‐aminoglycoside combination therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review