Prevalence of untreated decay (% DT > 0) · Adults aged 25 years and older in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States
In Australia, low versus high income differed by 11.90 percentage points in prevalence of untreated decay.
5 findings from 1 review
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Mean number of decayed teeth (mean DT) · Adults aged 25 years and older in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States
Across four countries, low versus high income differed by 0.44 decayed teeth in mean number of decayed teeth (random-effects meta-analysis; I2=76.4%).
5 findings from 1 review
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Prevalence of fair/poor self-rated oral health · Adults aged 25 years and older in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States
Across four countries, low versus high income differed by 15.77 percentage points in prevalence of fair/poor self-rated oral health (random-effects meta-analysis; I2=13.4%).
5 findings from 1 review
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Severe early childhood caries · Children aged 5-6 years in Ajman schools
Low family income was associated with higher odds of severe early childhood caries.
1 finding from 1 review
Weight gain · Low‐ and middle‐income children aged 3 months to 5 years
1 finding from 1 review
Height gain (cm) · Low‐ and middle‐income children aged 3 months to 5 years
1 finding from 1 review
Mean weight‐for‐age z‐score · Low‐ and middle‐income children aged 3 months to 5 years
1 finding from 1 review
Stunting · Low‐ and middle‐income children aged 3 months to 5 years
1 finding from 1 review
Weight‐for‐length/height z‐score at the end of the intervention Weight scale, measurement boards and child growth reference · Low‐ and middle‐income children aged 3 months to 5 years
1 finding from 1 review
Determinants of oral diseases · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs
Age, education, income, oral-hygiene behaviour, dental-visit pattern and slum/disadvantaged residence are associated with oral disease; gender effects are disease-specific; ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Fourteen studies reported determinants: older age, less education, lower income, poor oral hygiene behaviour (brushing frequency, technique), infrequent dental visits and disadvantaged/slum residential setting were…
14 studies
GRADE not reported
Poor oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) · Children aged 3-12 years
Children from low-income families had higher odds of poor OHRQoL (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.11-1.21; 4 studies; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
OR 1.16 [1.11, 1.21]
4 studies
GRADE not reported
Dental caries · Healthy children and adolescents in the United Arab Emirates
Evidence on socioeconomic status/income and caries was inconsistent: some studies linked lower income to higher caries while others found no association (narrative synthesis; not GRADE-rated).
1 finding from 1 review
Findings were contradictory. Hashim et al. found children from low-income families had higher odds of severe early childhood caries (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.11-1.85), and Ahmad et al. reported significantly higher DMFT in…
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Caries increment in permanent teeth · School children and adolescents (6-18 years) followed from primary dentition (baseline examination before 72 months of age)
Evidence on the association between sociodemographic/socioeconomic factors and permanent-teeth caries is weak and inconsistent (3 studies; could not be pooled; not GRADE-rated).
1 finding from 1 review
Weight‐for‐length/height z‐score at the end of the intervention Weight scale, measurement boards and child growth reference · Children aged 3 months to 5 years
1 finding from 1 review
Mental development index (MDI) at 18 months · Children aged 3 months to 5 years
1 finding from 1 review
Psychomotor development · Children aged 3 months to 5 years
1 finding from 1 review
Weight gain · Children aged 3 months to 5 years
1 finding from 1 review
Height gain (cm) · Children aged 3 months to 5 years
1 finding from 1 review
Mean weight‐for‐age z‐score · Children aged 3 months to 5 years
1 finding from 1 review
Stunting · Children aged 3 months to 5 years
1 finding from 1 review