What do systematic reviews say?

Psychological interventions vs usual care

Psychological interventions showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality Medical records or reported by family members compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Psychological interventions for diabetes‐related distress in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [0.17, 6.03]
  3 studies · 1376 participants
  Low

Psychological interventions vs no treatment

• Interventions for the cessation of non‐nutritive sucking habits in children 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF (psychological interventions vs no treatment): Adverse events - insufficient information reported. Table 3 (adverse outcomes after one month; Haryett 1967), psychological treatment group: reported upset 1/11 (9%);…
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Psychological interventions vs no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for the cessation of non‐nutritive sucking habits in children 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Occlusion: Not reported.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Any Psychosocial intervention plus pharm vs psychosocial interventions

• Psychosocial and pharmacologic interventions to reduce harmful alcohol use in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 475 participants
  Low
• Psychosocial and pharmacologic interventions to reduce harmful alcohol use in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.62 [0.16, 2.47]
  1 study · 102 participants
  Very low

Any Psychosocial intervention plus pharm vs psychosocial interventions

Pharmacologic intervention along with psychosocial intervention showed no clear difference in retention compared with psychosocial intervention alone (moderate certainty).

• Psychosocial and pharmacologic interventions to reduce harmful alcohol use in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.15 [0.95, 1.4]
  3 studies · 363 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings: multimedia education and a co‐intervention vs co‐intervention alone

• Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 381 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings: multimedia education and a co‐intervention vs co‐intervention alone

• Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 87 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: multimedia education and a co‐intervention vs co‐intervention alone

• Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 320 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: multimedia education and a co‐intervention vs co‐intervention alone

Summary of findings: multimedia education and a co‐intervention showed no clear difference in health outcome (Number who had a medical complication of pelvic… compared with co‐intervention alone (low certainty).

• Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.14 [0.61, 2.13]
  1 study · 77 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: multimedia education and a co‐intervention vs co‐intervention alone

• Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 60 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: multimedia education and a co‐intervention vs co‐intervention alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings: multimedia education and a co‐intervention vs co‐intervention alone

• Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 60 participants
  Low

Dietary behavior change interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Dietary behavior change interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Dietary behavior change interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Dietary behavior change interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Dietary behavior change interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Nutrition systems strengthening interventions targeting children vs no intervention or standard care to reduce stunting (height‐for‐age, length at 18 months)

Nutrition systems strengthening interventions targeting children may leads to higher height‐for‐age (z‐score) at 18 months compared with no intervention or standard care to reduce stunting (height‐for‐age,… (low certainty).

• Nutritional interventions for preventing stunting in children (birth to 59 months) living in urban slums in low‐ and… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 0.386 [0.209, 0.562]
  1 study · 377 participants
  Low

Nutrition systems strengthening interventions targeting children vs no intervention or standard care to reduce stunting (height‐for‐age, length at 18 months)

• Nutritional interventions for preventing stunting in children (birth to 59 months) living in urban slums in low‐ and… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 999 participants
  Very low

Nutrition systems strengthening interventions targeting children vs no intervention or standard care to reduce stunting (height‐for‐age, length at 18 months)

Nutrition systems strengthening interventions targeting children may leads to higher length (cm) at 18 months compared with no intervention or standard care to reduce stunting (height‐for‐age,… (low certainty).

• Nutritional interventions for preventing stunting in children (birth to 59 months) living in urban slums in low‐ and… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 1.068 [0.488, 1.648]
  1 study · 377 participants
  Low