Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,183 questions · 2,385 findings · 241 reviews

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No studies found 558 · 23.4%GRADE not reported 158 · 6.6%Very low 704 · 29.5%Low 618 · 25.9%Moderate 276 · 11.6%High 71 · 3%

Summary of findings for the main comparison. Physical activity and exercise interventions vs usual care

Adverse events (12 (12, 26)) · people with congenital heart disease.

1 finding from 1 review

Physical activity interventions for people with congenital heart disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 501 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings for the main comparison. Physical activity and exercise interventions vs usual care

Hospital admissions · people with congenital heart disease.

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Physical activity interventions for people with congenital heart disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

ACT subsidies combined with supportive interventions vs no subsidies

ACT availability (percentage of outlets stocking ACTs for children under 5 years) · Patients seeking treatment for suspected uncomplicated malaria

1 finding from 1 review

Subsidising artemisinin‐based combination therapy in the private retail sector 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 2 participants
High

ACT subsidies combined with supportive interventions vs no subsidies

ACT availability (percentage of outlets stocking at least one ACT for patients of any age) · Patients seeking treatment for suspected uncomplicated malaria

1 finding from 1 review

Subsidising artemisinin‐based combination therapy in the private retail sector 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
Very low

ACT subsidies combined with supportive interventions vs no subsidies

ACT price (change in ACT prices for children under 5 years)c · Patients seeking treatment for suspected uncomplicated malaria

1 finding from 1 review

Subsidising artemisinin‐based combination therapy in the private retail sector 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
High

Tobacco cessation interventions vs placebo or usual care

Tobacco abstinence after counselling (counselling) · people in treatment for or recovery from alcohol or other drug dependency

Tobacco cessation interventions showed no clear difference in tobacco abstinence after counselling (counselling) compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for tobacco use cessation in people in treatment for or recovery from substance use disorders 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [0.9, 1.95]
11 studies · 1759 participants
Low

Tobacco cessation interventions vs placebo or usual care

Tobacco abstinence after pharmacotherapy (pharmacotherapy) · people in treatment for or recovery from alcohol or other drug dependency

Tobacco cessation interventions may leads to higher tobacco abstinence after pharmacotherapy (pharmacotherapy) compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for tobacco use cessation in people in treatment for or recovery from substance use disorders 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.88 [1.37, 2.57]
11 studies · 1808 participants
Low

Tobacco cessation interventions vs placebo or usual care

Tobacco abstinence after combined counselling and pharmacotherapy (combined) · people in treatment for or recovery from alcohol or other drug dependency

Tobacco cessation interventions may leads to higher tobacco abstinence after combined counselling and pharmacotherapy… compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for tobacco use cessation in people in treatment for or recovery from substance use disorders 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.74 [1.39, 2.18]
12 studies · 2229 participants
Low

Similar physical activity interventions vs control

Quality of life – yoga interventions · people with IBS

1 finding from 1 review

Physical activity for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 177 participants
Very low

Similar physical activity interventions vs control

IBS symptoms – yoga interventions · people with IBS

1 finding from 1 review

Physical activity for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 218 participants
Very low

Interventions targeting patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Observer‐based SDM measures · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
424 participants
Very low

Interventions targeting patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Shared decision making (PROM, continuous) ( · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1906 participants
Very low
Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1386 participants
Very low

Interventions targeting patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Shared decision making (PROM, categorical or dichotomous) ( · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2272 participants
Very low

Interventions targeting patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Decision regret · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
212 participants
Very low

Interventions targeting patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Health‐related quality of life (physical) · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
116 participants
Very low

Interventions targeting patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Health‐related quality of life (mental) · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
116 participants
Very low

Interventions targeting patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Costs · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
105 participants
Very low

Interventions targeting patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Shared decision making (PROM), dichotomous measures ( · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
754 participants
Very low

Interventions targeting patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Consultation length (minutes) · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
224 participants
Very low

Interventions targeting patients vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Shared decision making (OBOM, continuous) (post‐visit) · patients, including healthcare consumers and simulated patients

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
271 participants
Very low