Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,063 questions · 1,111 findings · 111 reviews

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No studies found 235 · 21.2%GRADE not reported 32 · 2.9%Very low 394 · 35.5%Low 261 · 23.5%Moderate 154 · 13.9%High 35 · 3.2%

Strengthening exercise vs no exercise

Change in maximal isometric voluntary contraction force (Nm) · patients with people with peripheral neuropathy

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for people with peripheral neuropathy 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 26 participants
Moderate

Multimodal intervention (exercise plus other interventions) plus usual care vs usual care

Maximal and submaximal exercise capacity** Submaximal capacity · cancer cachexia in adults

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for cancer cachexia in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 44 participants
Very low

Multimodal intervention (exercise plus other interventions) plus usual care vs usual care

Adherence to prescribed exercise programmes · cancer cachexia in adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for cancer cachexia in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Target of exercise: hip vs knee exercises

Pain during activity (short‐term) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 1 month (1 study); symptoms > 6 months (1 study))

It is very uncertain whether target of exercise: hip changes pain during activity (short‐term) VAS (0 to 10; higher scores mean… compared with knee exercises (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 36 participants
Very low

Target of exercise: hip vs knee exercises

Usual pain (short‐term) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 1 month (1 study); symptoms > 6 months (1 study))

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Target of exercise: hip vs knee exercises

Pain during activity (long‐term) VAS (0 to 10; higher scores mean worse pain) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 1 month (1 study); symptoms > 6 months (1 study))

It is very uncertain whether target of exercise: hip changes pain during activity (long‐term) VAS (0 to 10; higher scores mean… compared with knee exercises (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 36 participants
Very low

Target of exercise: hip vs knee exercises

Usual pain (long‐term) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 1 month (1 study); symptoms > 6 months (1 study))

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Target of exercise: hip vs knee exercises

Functional ability · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 1 month (1 study); symptoms > 6 months (1 study))

It is very uncertain whether target of exercise: hip changes functional ability (short‐term) Scale (0 to 100; higher scores mean… compared with knee exercises (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.85 [0.3, 1.4]
2 studies · 58 participants
Very low

Target of exercise: hip vs knee exercises

Functional status, long‐term · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 1 month (1 study); symptoms > 6 months (1 study))

It is very uncertain whether target of exercise: hip changes functional ability (long‐term) WOMAC (0 to 96; inverted scores so… compared with knee exercises (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 16.22 [9.17, 23.27]
1 study · 36 participants
Very low

Target of exercise: hip vs knee exercises

Recovery (long‐term) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 1 month (1 study); symptoms > 6 months (1 study))

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Exercise vs control group

Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · non‐small cell lung cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise training undertaken by people within 12 months of lung resection for non‐small cell lung cancer 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 202 participants
Moderate

Exercise vs control group

Quality of Life: SF‐36 (physical component) · non‐small cell lung cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise training undertaken by people within 12 months of lung resection for non‐small cell lung cancer 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 208 participants
Low

Exercise vs control group

Health‐related quality of life (mental) · non‐small cell lung cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise training undertaken by people within 12 months of lung resection for non‐small cell lung cancer 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 208 participants
Low

Exercise vs control group

Peripheral muscle force · non‐small cell lung cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise training undertaken by people within 12 months of lung resection for non‐small cell lung cancer 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 133 participants
Moderate

Exercise vs control group

Dyspnea · non‐small cell lung cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise training undertaken by people within 12 months of lung resection for non‐small cell lung cancer 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 110 participants
Very low

NMES and exercise vs exercise (with or without sham NMES)

Peripheral muscle endurance/fatigability · COPD

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Neuromuscular electrostimulation for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

NMES and exercise vs exercise (with or without sham NMES)

Thigh muscle size · COPD

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Neuromuscular electrostimulation for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

NMES and exercise vs exercise (with or without sham NMES)

Functional performance · COPD

1 finding from 1 review

Neuromuscular electrostimulation for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 44 participants
Very low

NMES and exercise vs exercise (with or without sham NMES)

Health‐related quality of life · COPD

1 finding from 1 review

Neuromuscular electrostimulation for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 122 participants
Very low

NMES and exercise vs exercise (with or without sham NMES)

Minor adverse events assessed: related to intervention only (e.g. redness) · COPD

1 finding from 1 review

Neuromuscular electrostimulation for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 144 participants
Low