What do systematic reviews say?

Early vs deferred AST

Early probably leads to lower time to death of any cause (here: all‐cause mortality at 5 years) compared with deferred AST (moderate certainty).

• Early versus deferred standard androgen suppression therapy for advanced hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.82 [0.75, 0.9]
  10 studies · 4767 participants
  Moderate

Early vs deferred AST

Early showed no clear difference in serious adverse events compared with deferred AST (low certainty).

• Early versus deferred standard androgen suppression therapy for advanced hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.05 [0.95, 1.16]
  5 studies · 10575 participants
  Low

Early vs deferred AST

Early probably leads to lower time to death from prostate cancer (here: prostate cancer mortality… compared with deferred AST (moderate certainty).

• Early versus deferred standard androgen suppression therapy for advanced hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.69 [0.57, 0.84]
  7 studies · 3677 participants
  Moderate

Early vs deferred AST

Early may leads to lower skeletal events compared with deferred AST (low certainty).

• Early versus deferred standard androgen suppression therapy for advanced hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.37 [0.17, 0.8]
  3 studies · 2209 participants
  Low

Early vs deferred AST

Early may leads to higher fatigue compared with deferred AST (low certainty).

• Early versus deferred standard androgen suppression therapy for advanced hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.41 [1.23, 1.62]
  2 studies · 8209 participants
  Low

Early vs deferred AST

Early may leads to higher heart failure compared with deferred AST (low certainty).

• Early versus deferred standard androgen suppression therapy for advanced hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.9 [1.09, 3.33]
  1 study · 1214 participants
  Low

Early vs deferred AST

• Early versus deferred standard androgen suppression therapy for advanced hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 285 participants
  Moderate

Early postoperative feeding vs usual care

It is very uncertain whether early postoperative feeding changes complications compared with standard management (very low certainty).

• Perioperative nutrition for the treatment of bladder cancer by radical cystectomy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.14 [0.85, 1.53]
  1 study · 102 participants
  Very low

Early postoperative feeding vs usual care

• Perioperative nutrition for the treatment of bladder cancer by radical cystectomy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 102 participants
  Low

Early postoperative feeding vs usual care

Early postoperative feeding showed no clear difference in mortality compared with standard management (low certainty).

• Perioperative nutrition for the treatment of bladder cancer by radical cystectomy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.52 [0.1, 2.71]
  1 study · 102 participants
  Low

Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) vs ADT only

Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) probably leads to lower time to death due to any cause (absolute effect size estimates based… compared with ADT only (moderate certainty).

• Taxane‐based chemohormonal therapy for metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.77 [0.68, 0.87]
  3 studies · 2261 participants
  Moderate

Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) vs ADT only

Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may leads to higher grade III to V adverse events compared with ADT only (low certainty).

• Taxane‐based chemohormonal therapy for metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.98 [2.19, 4.04]
  1 study · 375 participants
  Low

Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) vs ADT only

Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) probably leads to lower prostate cancer‐specific death5 compared with ADT only (moderate certainty).

• Taxane‐based chemohormonal therapy for metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.79 [0.7, 0.89]
  3 studies · 2261 participants
  Moderate

Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) vs ADT only

Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) probably leads to lower time to progression (absolute effect size estimates based on… compared with ADT only (moderate certainty).

• Taxane‐based chemohormonal therapy for metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.63 [0.56, 0.71]
  3 studies · 2261 participants
  Moderate

Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) vs ADT only

Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may leads to higher discontinuation due to adverse events compared with ADT only (low certainty).

• Taxane‐based chemohormonal therapy for metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 79.41 [4.92, 1282.78]
  1 study · 385 participants
  Low

Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) vs ADT only

Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may leads to higher all adverse events compared with ADT only (low certainty).

• Taxane‐based chemohormonal therapy for metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.11 [1.06, 1.17]
  1 study · 375 participants
  Low

Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) vs ADT only

• Taxane‐based chemohormonal therapy for metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 790 participants
  Low