What do systematic reviews say?

Infant Flow CPAP vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

It is very uncertain whether infant Flow CPAP changes failed CPAP compared with medijet CPAP (very low certainty).

• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for apnoea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.62 [0.91, 7.53]
  1 study · 80 participants
  Very low

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs supplemental oxygen

It is very uncertain whether CPAP changes treatment failure (death or use of additional ventilatory support) compared with supplemental oxygen (very low certainty).

• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.64 [0.5, 0.82]
  5 studies · 322 participants
  Very low

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs supplemental oxygen

It is very uncertain whether CPAP changes use of assisted ventilation compared with supplemental oxygen (very low certainty).

• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.72 [0.54, 0.96]
  3 studies · 233 participants
  Very low

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs supplemental oxygen

CPAP probably leads to lower mortality compared with supplemental oxygen (moderate certainty).

• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.53 [0.34, 0.83]
  5 studies · 322 participants
  Moderate

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs supplemental oxygen

CPAP may leads to higher pneumothorax occurring after allocation compared with supplemental oxygen (low certainty).

• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.91 [1.38, 6.13]
  4 studies · 270 participants
  Low

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs supplemental oxygen

It is very uncertain whether CPAP changes bronchopulmonary dysplasia (oxygen dependency at 28 days) compared with supplemental oxygen (very low certainty).

• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.04 [0.35, 3.13]
  2 studies · 209 participants
  Very low

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) plus best supportive care vs supportive care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for apnoea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Infant Flow CPAP vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for apnoea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  24 participants
  GRADE not reported

Infant Flow CPAP vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for apnoea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  2
  2 participants
  GRADE not reported

Infant Flow CPAP vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for apnoea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prophylactic CPAP vs very early CPAP

It is very uncertain whether prophylactic CPAP changes bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 28 days compared with very early CPAP (very low certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.5 [0.05, 5.27]
  1 study · 72 participants
  Very low

Prophylactic CPAP vs very early CPAP

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prophylactic CPAP vs very early CPAP

It is very uncertain whether prophylactic CPAP changes death at any time (by 28 days) compared with very early CPAP (very low certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.75 [0.29, 1.94]
  1 study · 72 participants
  Very low

Prophylactic CPAP vs very early CPAP

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prophylactic CPAP vs very early CPAP

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  72 participants
  GRADE not reported

Prophylactic CPAP vs very early CPAP

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prophylactic CPAP vs very early CPAP

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prophylactic CPAP vs mechanical ventilation

Prophylactic CPAP probably leads to lower combined outcome of death and bronchopulmonary dysplasia defined as… compared with mechanical ventilation (moderate certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.89 [0.81, 0.97]
  3 studies · 2358 participants
  Moderate

Prophylactic CPAP vs mechanical ventilation

Prophylactic CPAP probably leads to lower failed treatment defined as the need for mechanical ventilation compared with mechanical ventilation (moderate certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.49 [0.45, 0.54]
  2 studies · 1042 participants
  Moderate

Prophylactic CPAP vs mechanical ventilation

Prophylactic CPAP showed no clear difference in pulmonary air leak defined as pneumothorax compared with mechanical ventilation (low certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.24 [0.91, 1.69]
  3 studies · 2357 participants
  Low