Leaving the study early · Adults with PTSD for at least 3 months
It is very uncertain whether group TFCBT changes leaving the study early for any reason compared with waitlist/Usual Care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Severity of PTSD symptoms ‐ Clinician‐rated · Adults with PTSD for at least 3 months
1 finding from 1 review
Leaving the study early · Adults with PTSD for at least 3 months
1 finding from 1 review
Leaving the study early · Adults with PTSD for at least 3 months
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction in pain intensity · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Functional disability at 3 months ‐ not measured · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Disability at · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Distress at · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
2 findings from 1 review
Pain intensity (measure on a 0‐3 four‐point scale) · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Disability at the end of treatment as measured by multiple scales including RMDQ, AIMS Higher scores indicate higher levels of disability · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Disability at · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Distress at · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
2 findings from 1 review
AEs · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Pain intensity (measure on a 0‐3 four‐point scale) · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction in pain intensity · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) showed no clear difference in pain intensity at treatment completion compared with alternative (active) treatment (e.g. oral splint, medication,… (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Adverse events · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
1 finding from 1 review
Only 1 study reported adverse events as an outcome (Litt 2010): it found worsening symptoms in 13 people treated with an oral splint (as part of standard treatment) and 4 people treated with CBT.
1 study · 101 participants
Very low
Additional physical symptoms · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Disability caused by pain at follow-up · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) showed no clear difference in disability caused by pain at treatment completion compared with alternative (active) treatment (e.g. oral splint, medication,… (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review