Ventricular arrhythmias (within 30 days) · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)
It is very uncertain whether perioperative beta‐blockers changes ventricular arrhythmias (within 30 days) compared with placebo or standard care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, or both (within 30 days) · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)
Perioperative beta‐blockers may leads to lower atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, or both (within 30 days) compared with placebo or standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Bradycardia · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)
Perioperative beta‐blockers may leads to higher bradycardia (within 30 days; as defined by study authors, minimum… compared with placebo or standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypotension · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)
Perioperative beta‐blockers probably leads to higher hypotension (within 30 days; as defined by study authors, minimum… compared with placebo or standard care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death (any cause) ( · heart failure with chronic kidney disease
CHRONIC: Beta‐blockers probably leads to lower death (any cause) ( compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All cardiovascular death · heart failure with chronic kidney disease
CHRONIC: Beta‐blockers may leads to lower cardiovascular death ( compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hospitalisation (any cause) · heart failure with chronic kidney disease
CHRONIC: Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in hospitalisation (any cause) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Heart failure hospitalisation (RR) · heart failure with chronic kidney disease
CHRONIC: Beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in heart failure hospitalisation ( compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Worsening heart failure · heart failure with chronic kidney disease
It is very uncertain whether CHRONIC: Beta‐blockers changes worsening heart failure compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Worsening kidney function · heart failure with chronic kidney disease
1 finding from 1 review
Hypotension · heart failure with chronic kidney disease
It is very uncertain whether CHRONIC: Beta‐blockers changes hypotension compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hyperkalaemia · heart failure with chronic kidney disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of life · heart failure with chronic kidney disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Severe visual impairment or blindness at 6 to 12 months' corrected age · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Rescue treatment with anti‐VEGF agents · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
Systemic administration of beta‐blockers may leads to lower rescue treatment with anti‐VEGF agents compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Treatment with laser photocoagulation or cryotherapy · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
Systemic administration of beta‐blockers may leads to lower treatment with laser photocoagulation or cryotherapy compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Progression to stage 2 with plus disease · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
Systemic administration of beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in progression to stage 2 with plus disease compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Progression to stage 3 ROP · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
Systemic administration of beta‐blockers probably leads to lower progression to stage 3 ROP compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Progression to stage 4 or 5 ROP · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
Systemic administration of beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in progression to stage 4 or 5 ROP compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Arterial hypotension and/or bradycardia requiring treatment · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
Systemic administration of beta‐blockers may leads to higher arterial hypotension and/or bradycardia requiring treatment compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review