Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

149 questions · 150 findings · 20 reviews

No studies found 12 · 8%GRADE not reported 18 · 12%Very low 60 · 40%Low 43 · 28.7%Moderate 12 · 8%High 5 · 3.3%

Antipsychotics vs placebo or another comparator drug/dose

Repetition of SH at six months (low dose fluphenazine vs. ultra low dose fluphenazine) · adults who engage in SH

It is very uncertain whether antipsychotics changes repetition of SH at six months (low dose fluphenazine vs. ultra low… compared with placebo or another comparator drug/dose (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

VALPROATE + ANTIPSYCHOTICS vs placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics

Response to treatment (medium term) Clinically important response to treatment as defined by each study · patients with schizophrenia

VALPROATE + ANTIPSYCHOTICS may leads to higher clinically significant response: important change As defined by each… compared with ANTIPSYCHOTICS + PLACEBO or ANTIPSYCHOTICS alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

VALPROATE + ANTIPSYCHOTICS vs placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics

Acceptability of treatment ‐ leaving the study early · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether VALPROATE + ANTIPSYCHOTICS changes leaving the study early: Acceptability of treatment Leaving the… compared with ANTIPSYCHOTICS + PLACEBO or ANTIPSYCHOTICS alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

VALPROATE + ANTIPSYCHOTICS vs placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics

Adverse effects – leaving the study early due to adverse effects – overall tolerability – total · patients with schizophrenia

VALPROATE + ANTIPSYCHOTICS showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: Overall tolerability Leaving the study… compared with ANTIPSYCHOTICS + PLACEBO or ANTIPSYCHOTICS alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Aspirin plus antipsychotics vs placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics

Behaviour: Leaving the study early (short‐term) · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether aspirin plus antipsychotics changes leaving the study early: short‐term – for any reason compared with placebo plus antipsychotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Aspirin plus antipsychotics vs placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics

Adverse events: gastrointestinal – dyspeptic symptoms – self‐assessed as at least 'moderate' · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether aspirin plus antipsychotics changes adverse events: gastrointestinal – dyspeptic symptoms –… compared with placebo plus antipsychotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Aspirin plus antipsychotics vs placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics

Service use: change in hospital status – any change · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether aspirin plus antipsychotics changes service use: change in hospital status – any change compared with placebo plus antipsychotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

BENZODIAZEPINES + ANTIPSYCHOTICS vs SAME ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Adverse effects: 1. Sedation · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether benzodiazepines + antipsychotics changes tranquillisation or asleep: sedation ‐ medium term ‐ +/vs… compared with same antipsychotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

BENZODIAZEPINES + ANTIPSYCHOTICS vs SAME ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Global state: no improvement ‐ medium termAs defined in each study · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

Benzodiazepines + antipsychotics showed no clear difference in global state: no improvement ‐ +/vs haloperidol ‐ medium term As… compared with same antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review