Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

711 questions · 751 findings · 86 reviews

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No studies found 171 · 22.8%GRADE not reported 61 · 8.1%Very low 192 · 25.6%Low 174 · 23.2%Moderate 108 · 14.4%High 45 · 6%

Oral antibiotics vs placebo

Quality of life measures · adult participants with chronic blepharitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral antibiotics for chronic blepharitis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Oral antibiotics vs placebo

Economic costs and benefits of different interventions · adult participants with chronic blepharitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral antibiotics for chronic blepharitis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Single‐dose antibiotic vs 24 hours of antibiotics

Abdominal surgical site infection · people undergoing laparotomy for penetrating abdominal trauma

It is very uncertain whether single dose of antibiotics changes abdominal surgical site infection compared with 24 hours of antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for penetrating abdominal trauma: duration of use and antibiotic choice 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.48 [0.87, 2.52]
1 study · 360 participants
Very low

Single‐dose antibiotic vs 24 hours of antibiotics

All‐cause mortality · people undergoing laparotomy for penetrating abdominal trauma

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for penetrating abdominal trauma: duration of use and antibiotic choice 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 360 participants
Very low

Single‐dose antibiotic vs 24 hours of antibiotics

Intra‐abdominal infection · people undergoing laparotomy for penetrating abdominal trauma

It is very uncertain whether single dose of antibiotics changes intra‐abdominal infection compared with 24 hours of antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics for penetrating abdominal trauma: duration of use and antibiotic choice 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.76 [0.25, 2.32]
1 study · 360 participants
Very low

Topical antibiotics vs systemic antibiotics

Minor adverse events not leading to withdrawal of treatment · bacterial folliculitis and boils (furuncles and carbuncles)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for bacterial folliculitis and boils (furuncles and carbuncles) 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Topical antibiotics vs systemic antibiotics

Clinical cure · bacterial folliculitis and boils (furuncles and carbuncles)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for bacterial folliculitis and boils (furuncles and carbuncles) 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Topical antibiotics vs systemic antibiotics

Severe adverse events leading to withdrawal of treatment · bacterial folliculitis and boils (furuncles and carbuncles)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for bacterial folliculitis and boils (furuncles and carbuncles) 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Topical antibiotics vs systemic antibiotics

Quality of life · bacterial folliculitis and boils (furuncles and carbuncles)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for bacterial folliculitis and boils (furuncles and carbuncles) 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Topical antibiotics vs systemic antibiotics

Recurrence of folliculitis or boil following completion of treatment · bacterial folliculitis and boils (furuncles and carbuncles)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for bacterial folliculitis and boils (furuncles and carbuncles) 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

CHM plus antibiotics vs antibiotics alone

Effectiveness · women with recurrent UTI

It is very uncertain whether CHM plus antibiotics changes effectiveness compared with antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chinese herbal medicine for treating recurrent urinary tract infections in women 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.24 [1.04, 1.47]
2 studies · 120 participants
Very low

CHM plus antibiotics vs antibiotics alone

Recurrence · women with recurrent UTI

It is very uncertain whether CHM plus antibiotics changes recurrence compared with antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chinese herbal medicine for treating recurrent urinary tract infections in women 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.5 [0.32, 0.77]
2 studies · 120 participants
Very low

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Health‐related quality of life · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

It is very uncertain whether topical antibiotics with steroids changes ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation compared with topical antibiotics alone (same antibiotics) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98
1 study · 105 participants
Very low

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Hearing · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

2 findings from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 135 participants
Very low
Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 419 participants
Very low

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Serious complications (including intracranial complications, extracranial complications and death) · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 149 participants
Very low

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Suspected ototoxicity · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 395 participants
Very low

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured at 1 to 2 weeks · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

Topical antibiotics with steroids may leads to lower resolution of ear discharge at between 1 to 2 weeks compared with topical antibiotics alone (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.77 [0.71, 0.84]
7 studies · 903 participants
Low
Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.96, 1.21]
3 studies · 335 participants
Low

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured after 4 weeks · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Discomfort/pain · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

It is very uncertain whether topical antibiotics with steroids changes ear pain or discomfort at 14 weeks compared with topical antibiotics alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.07, 16.36]
1 study · 52 participants
Very low