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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Every word you type has to appear somewhere in the question, and the closest matches are ranked first.
15,213 questions in 2,394 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Superselective neck dissection vs Selective neck dissection Recurrence · Adults with oral cavity cancer (tongue or floor of mouth) and clinically negative neck nodes Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment (2023) · Cochrane | Recurrence: outcome not reported in a usable way in either study. | 0 studies | No studies |
Fibre-reinforced composite fixed (bonded) retainer vs Multistrand / spiral wire fixed (bonded) retainer Adverse effects on oral health: Gingival Index (lower arch) · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment · 12 months, lower arch Retention procedures for stabilising tooth position after treatment with orthodontic braces (2023) · Cochrane | No RCTs at 12-month follow-up; 1 RCT at 6 months: higher gingival inflammation with fibre-reinforced composite (MD 0.59, 95% CI 0.13 to 1.05; very low-certainty) | 0 studies | No studies |
Light-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation vs Conventional orthodontic appliance treatment Harms and side effects arising during treatment · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment Non‐surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in patients undergoing orthodontic… (2023) · Cochrane | Harms and side effects | Not reported. None of the included studies assessed harms arising during the LED intervention. | NR | No studies |
Zinc oxide eugenol vs Alvogyl (old formulation) Limitation of chewing or swallowing · Adults (>18 years) with established dry socket following permanent tooth extraction Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) (2022) · Cochrane | No studies reported this outcome | 0 studies | No studies |
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) vs Alternative (active) treatment (e.g. oral splint, medication, self-care or disease management) Quality of life · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) (2022) · Cochrane | This outcome was not measured (not synthesised for this comparison; review-wide only one study reported quality of life). | NR | No studies |
Living with HIV and undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART/HAART) vs Healthy HIV-negative controls Kaposi's sarcoma (WHO clinical stage 4) · Children and adolescents (<18 years) · Cross-sectional (case-control; single time point) Oral Health Status of Children and Adolescents Living with HIV Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy: A… (2022) | Planned WHO stage 4 outcome; no eligible studies (Table 2 lists 'None'). | 0 studies | No studies |
Traditional screening (referral card given if the inspecting dentist judges the child needs to see a dentist) vs No screening Proportion of children with treated/untreated caries · School children (aged 4 to 15 years), primary and secondary schools in the UK and India School dental screening programmes for oral health (2022) · Cochrane | Proportion of children with treated/untreated caries: Not reported (Summary of findings 1). | 0 studies | No studies |
Fluoride-releasing resin-based sealant vs Resin-based sealant Adverse events · Children with caries-free second primary molars, aged 4-8 years (dental clinic, Turkey and Spain) Sealants for preventing dental caries in primary teeth (2022) · Cochrane | No studies reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Responsive complementary feeding (RCF) vs Other models of complementary feeding Hypertension · Healthy children aged 6–24 months in Western industrialized countries Complementary Feeding Caregivers' Practices and Growth, Risk of Overweight/Obesity, and Other… (2022) | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Traditional screening (referral card given if the inspecting dentist judges the child needs to see a dentist) vs No screening Developmental defects of enamel measured by any validated index · School children (aged 4 to 15 years), primary and secondary schools in the UK and India School dental screening programmes for oral health (2022) · Cochrane | No studies measured developmental defects of enamel (by any validated index). | 0 studies | No studies |
Glass ionomer-based sealant vs Resin-based sealant (fluoride-releasing or non-fluoride-releasing) Progression of non-cavitated enamel caries · 'Healthy' children with caries-free second primary molars, aged 3-5 years (schools and kindergartens, India and China) Sealants for preventing dental caries in primary teeth (2022) · Cochrane | No studies reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Zinc oxide eugenol vs Alvogyl (old formulation) Swelling · Adults (>18 years) with established dry socket following permanent tooth extraction Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) (2022) · Cochrane | No studies reported this outcome | 0 studies | No studies |
Zinc oxide eugenol vs Alvogyl (old formulation) Fever · Adults (>18 years) with established dry socket following permanent tooth extraction Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) (2022) · Cochrane | No studies reported this outcome | 0 studies | No studies |
Oral care vs No oral care Outcome NR · Residents of nursing homes and other long-term care facilities Oral care measures for preventing nursing home‐acquired pneumonia (2022) · Cochrane | No studies evaluated oral care versus no oral care. | 0 studies | No studies |
Any preprocedural mouth rinse vs Placebo, no rinsing or control Adverse events such as transient discolouration, altered taste, allergic reaction, hypersensitivity · Dental patients undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) Preprocedural mouth rinses for preventing transmission of infectious diseases through aerosols in dental… (2022) · Cochrane | SoF tables state 'Not reported'; no included study reported adverse events. | 0 studies | No studies |
Any preprocedural mouth rinse vs Placebo, no rinsing or control Incidence of infection of dental healthcare providers · Dental patients undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) Preprocedural mouth rinses for preventing transmission of infectious diseases through aerosols in dental… (2022) · Cochrane | Primary outcome. Not measured by any of the 17 included studies (SoF tables state 'Not reported'); remained a total evidence gap from the protocol. | 0 studies | No studies |
Periodontal treatment: scaling and root planing (SRP) plus advice vs Community care: advice only All CVD-related death · People with cardiovascular disease and chronic periodontitis Periodontal therapy for primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with periodontitis (2022) · Cochrane | SoF row 'All CVD-related death': Outcome not reported. Results 2.1.2: Not reported. | 0 studies | No studies |
Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours plus adjunctive antiseptic (chlorhexidine) treatments (rinsing, pocket irrigation, tongue/tonsil brushing) vs Quadrant scaling and root planing (control): SRP of each quadrant in separate sessions at least one week apart Tooth loss · Adults with a clinical diagnosis of (chronic) periodontitis (1999 classification); studies of aggressive… Full‐mouth treatment modalities (within 24 hours) for periodontitis in adults (2022) · Cochrane | Tooth loss: None of the studies comparing FMD vs control reported tooth loss. | 0 studies | No studies |
Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy Angular cheilitis prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH) Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on Oral Health among Children Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and… (2022) | No eligible studies compared angular cheilitis between CLWH on different ART medications. | 0 studies | No studies |
Responsive complementary feeding (RCF) vs Other models of complementary feeding Choking events · Healthy children aged 6–24 months in Western industrialized countries Complementary Feeding Caregivers' Practices and Growth, Risk of Overweight/Obesity, and Other… (2022) | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Glass ionomer-based sealant vs No sealant Adverse events · Children with caries-free primary first molars (with or without caries on other teeth), aged 1-5 years (paediatric… Sealants for preventing dental caries in primary teeth (2022) · Cochrane | No studies reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Responsive complementary feeding (RCF) / other caregivers' feeding practices vs Other models of complementary feeding (traditional/non-responsive CF) Type 2 diabetes (later in life) · Healthy, term-born, normal-birth-weight infants aged 4-24 months (breastfed and/or formula-fed) in Western… · Later in life Complementary Feeding Caregivers' Practices and Growth, Risk of Overweight/Obesity, and Other… (2022) | No studies on the influence of caregivers' feeding practices during complementary feeding on type 2 diabetes later in life were identified. | 0 studies | No studies |
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) vs Alternative (active) treatment (e.g. oral splint, medication, self-care or disease management) Additional physical symptoms · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) (2022) · Cochrane | This outcome was not measured (not synthesised for this comparison; review-wide only one study reported additional physical symptoms). | NR | No studies |
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) vs Usual care, waiting list or no treatment (control) Quality of life · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) (2022) · Cochrane | This outcome was not measured for this comparison. | NR | No studies |
Responsive complementary feeding (RCF) vs Other models of complementary feeding Dental caries · Healthy children aged 6–24 months in Western industrialized countries Complementary Feeding Caregivers' Practices and Growth, Risk of Overweight/Obesity, and Other… (2022) | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Fluoride-releasing resin-based sealant vs Resin-based sealant Progression of non-cavitated enamel caries · Children with caries-free second primary molars, aged 4-8 years (dental clinic, Turkey and Spain) Sealants for preventing dental caries in primary teeth (2022) · Cochrane | No studies reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Traditional screening (referral card given if the inspecting dentist judges the child needs to see a dentist) vs No screening Gingivitis measured by any validated index · School children (aged 4 to 15 years), primary and secondary schools in the UK and India School dental screening programmes for oral health (2022) · Cochrane | No studies measured gingivitis (by any validated index). | 0 studies | No studies |
Autopolymerised sealant vs Light polymerised sealant Adverse events · Children with sound primary molars, aged 2-4 years (municipal dental clinics or hospital paediatric clinics, Denmark) Sealants for preventing dental caries in primary teeth (2022) · Cochrane | No studies reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Flowable resin composite vs Fluoride-releasing resin-based sealant Adverse events · Children who were regular dental attenders with caries-free first or second primary molars (public health service… Sealants for preventing dental caries in primary teeth (2022) · Cochrane | No studies reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedure vs No antibiotic prophylaxis or placebo Mortality or serious adverse events requiring hospitalisation · Adults or children at increased risk of bacterial endocarditis (pre-existing cardiac condition) undergoing an invasive… Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing bacterial endocarditis following dental procedures (2022) · Cochrane | Mortality or serious adverse events requiring hospitalisation | No data reported | 248 (1 study) | - | - | 0 studies | No studies |
Fluoride-releasing resin-based sealant vs No sealant (no treatment) Adverse events · Children with caries-free or non-cavitated carious lesion primary molars, aged 3-7 years (paediatric department,… Sealants for preventing dental caries in primary teeth (2022) · Cochrane | No studies reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Flowable resin composite vs Fluoride-releasing resin-based sealant Progression of non-cavitated enamel caries · Children who were regular dental attenders with caries-free first or second primary molars (public health service… Sealants for preventing dental caries in primary teeth (2022) · Cochrane | No studies reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy Dental development and maturation · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH) Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on Oral Health among Children Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and… (2022) | No eligible studies compared dental development and maturation between CLWH on different ART medications. | 0 studies | No studies |
Bio-active restorative materials vs Other restorative approaches Clinical effectiveness · Children with carious primary teeth · At least 12 months Clinical effectiveness of restorative materials for the restoration of carious primary teeth without pulp… (2022) | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Periodontal treatment: scaling and root planing (SRP) plus advice vs Community care: advice only All-cause death · People with cardiovascular disease and chronic periodontitis Periodontal therapy for primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with periodontitis (2022) · Cochrane | SoF row 'All-cause death': Outcome not reported. Results 2.1.1: Not reported. | 0 studies | No studies |
Living with HIV and undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART/HAART) vs Healthy HIV-negative controls Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis/periodontitis (WHO clinical stage 3) · Children and adolescents (<18 years) · Cross-sectional (case-control; single time point) Oral Health Status of Children and Adolescents Living with HIV Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy: A… (2022) | Planned WHO stage 3 outcome; no eligible studies (Table 2 lists 'None'). | 0 studies | No studies |
Living with HIV and undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART/HAART) vs Healthy HIV-negative controls Chronic herpes simplex infection (WHO clinical stage 4) · Children and adolescents (<18 years) · Cross-sectional (case-control; single time point) Oral Health Status of Children and Adolescents Living with HIV Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy: A… (2022) | Planned WHO stage 4 outcome; no eligible studies (Table 2 lists 'None'). | 0 studies | No studies |
Bio-active restorative materials (containing bio-active compounds) vs Any conventional restorative material Treatment failure (planned; no eligible studies) · Children with carious primary teeth after vital or non-vital pulp therapy Clinical effectiveness of restorative materials for the restoration of carious lesions in pulp treated… (2022) | No studies were found that reported on the use of restorative materials containing bio-active compounds for the restoration of carious primary teeth after vital or non-vital pulp therapy. | 0 studies | No studies |
Any preprocedural mouth rinse vs Placebo, no rinsing or control Change of microbiota in the patient's mouth · Dental patients undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) Preprocedural mouth rinses for preventing transmission of infectious diseases through aerosols in dental… (2022) · Cochrane | No included study reported change of oral microbiota. | 0 studies | No studies |
Fluoride-containing dental care products / fluoride intake vs Male vs female Sex/gender differences in fluoride intake or dental-care-product contribution · Participants stratified by sex/gender (especially young children) Fluoride Intake Through Dental Care Products: A Systematic Review. (2022) | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Any preprocedural mouth rinse vs Placebo, no rinsing or control Acceptability and feasibility of the intervention to patients and dental healthcare providers · Dental patients undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) Preprocedural mouth rinses for preventing transmission of infectious diseases through aerosols in dental… (2022) · Cochrane | No included study assessed acceptability or feasibility. | 0 studies | No studies |
Traditional screening (referral card given if the inspecting dentist judges the child needs to see a dentist) vs No screening Malocclusion or orthodontic treatment needs measured by any validated index · School children (aged 4 to 15 years), primary and secondary schools in the UK and India School dental screening programmes for oral health (2022) · Cochrane | No studies measured malocclusion or orthodontic treatment needs (by any validated index). | 0 studies | No studies |
Responsive complementary feeding (RCF) / other caregivers' feeding practices vs Other models of complementary feeding (traditional/non-responsive CF) Hypertension (later in life) · Healthy, term-born, normal-birth-weight infants aged 4-24 months (breastfed and/or formula-fed) in Western… · Later in life Complementary Feeding Caregivers' Practices and Growth, Risk of Overweight/Obesity, and Other… (2022) | No studies on the influence of caregivers' feeding practices during complementary feeding on hypertension later in life were identified. | 0 studies | No studies |
Traditional screening (referral card given if the inspecting dentist judges the child needs to see a dentist) vs No screening Proportion of children with other untreated oral health needs · School children (aged 4 to 15 years), primary and secondary schools in the UK and India School dental screening programmes for oral health (2022) · Cochrane | Proportion of children with other treated/untreated oral health need: Not reported (Summary of findings 1). | 0 studies | No studies |
Antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedure vs No antibiotic prophylaxis or placebo Development of endocarditis due to other (non-dental) causes · Adults or children at increased risk of bacterial endocarditis (pre-existing cardiac condition) undergoing an invasive… Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing bacterial endocarditis following dental procedures (2022) · Cochrane | Only four cases developed endocarditis following non-dental medical interventions (within the past 180 days and with pre-existing cardiac indications for the use of prophylaxis), so assessment of the effects of… | 0 studies | No studies |
Cephalomedullary nails vs extramedullary implants Health‐related quality of life, early (≤ 4 months) · older adults with stable or unstable extracapsular hip fractures Cephalomedullary nails versus extramedullary implants for extracapsular hip fractures in older adults (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) vs hemiarthroplasty Self‐reported shoulder function · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials) Interventions for treating proximal humeral fractures in adults (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: inhaled TOBI® (IV preparation) vs tobramycin Pulmonary exacerbations · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: inhaled TOBI® (IV preparation) vs tobramycin Quality of life · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: inhaled TOBI® (IV preparation) vs tobramycin Survival · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |