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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
281 questions in 50 reviews · Gynaecological, Neuro-oncology and Orphan Cancer
current versionsNo studies 281 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH) vs no LMWH Outcomes ( · people with cancer with thrombosis prophylaxis and central venous catheters Anticoagulation for people with cancer and central venous catheters (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH) vs vitamin K antagonist (VKA) Outcomes ( · people with cancer with thrombosis prophylaxis and central venous catheters Anticoagulation for people with cancer and central venous catheters (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) vs no VKA Outcomes ( · people with cancer with thrombosis prophylaxis and central venous catheters Anticoagulation for people with cancer and central venous catheters (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Direct oral anticoagulant secondary prophylaxis vs Vitamin K antagonist secondary prophylaxis Thrombocytopenia ‐ not reported · patients with active cancer with venous thromboembolism Anticoagulation for the long‐term treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Idraparinux secondary prophylaxis vs vitamin K antagonist secondary prophylaxis Minor bleeding – not reported · people with cancer with VTE receiving secondary prophylaxis Anticoagulation for the long‐term treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Idraparinux secondary prophylaxis vs vitamin K antagonist secondary prophylaxis Health‐related quality of life – not reported · people with cancer with VTE receiving secondary prophylaxis Anticoagulation for the long‐term treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone Quality of life: not measured · treatment of relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer Epidermal growth factor receptor blockers for the treatment of ovarian cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Anti‐EGFR antibody plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone Quality of life · treatment of relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer Epidermal growth factor receptor blockers for the treatment of ovarian cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Oestrogen replacement therapy vs placebo Rate of symptom relief · women previously treated for endometrial cancer Hormone replacement therapy for women previously treated for endometrial cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Oestrogen replacement therapy vs placebo Rate of survival: overall survival · women previously treated for endometrial cancer Hormone replacement therapy for women previously treated for endometrial cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Oestrogen replacement therapy vs placebo Rate of survival: progression‐free survival · women previously treated for endometrial cancer Hormone replacement therapy for women previously treated for endometrial cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Probiotics vs placebo Quality of life ‐ not measured · participants with cancer treated with chemotherapy Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Probiotics vs placebo Time to rescue medication ‐ not measured · participants with cancer treated with chemotherapy Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Probiotics vs other active treatment Quality of life ‐ not measured · participants with cancer treated with radiotherapy (with or without chemotherapy) Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Probiotics vs other active treatment Time to rescue medication ‐ not measured · participants with cancer treated with radiotherapy (with or without chemotherapy) Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Probiotics vs placebo Quality of life ‐ not measured · participants with cancer treated with radiotherapy (with or without chemotherapy) Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Cervical cancer ‐ not measured · adolescent girls and women aged 15 to 26 years who are hrHPV negative before vaccination Prophylactic vaccination against human papillomaviruses to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Cervical cancer ‐ not measured · adolescent girls and women aged 15 to 45 years who were HPV16/18 negative before vaccination Prophylactic vaccination against human papillomaviruses to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Any CIN3+ irrespective of HPV type ‐ not measured · adolescent girls and women aged 15 to 45 years who were HPV16/18 negative before vaccination Prophylactic vaccination against human papillomaviruses to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Any AIS irrespective of HPV type ‐ not measured · adolescent girls and women aged 15 to 45 years who were HPV16/18 negative before vaccination Prophylactic vaccination against human papillomaviruses to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Cervical cancer ‐ not measured · adolescent girls and women aged 15 to 45 years regardless of HPV DNA status at baseline Prophylactic vaccination against human papillomaviruses to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
LMWH prophylaxis vs fondaparinux prophylaxis Mortality ‐ not reported · People with perioperative thromboprophylaxis in people with cancer Anticoagulation for perioperative thromboprophylaxis in people with cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Moxibustion vs conventional medicines Patient‐reported symptom: nausea/vomiting · patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer treatment Moxibustion for alleviating side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in people with cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Moxibustion vs conventional medicines Patient‐reported symptom: diarrhoea · patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer treatment Moxibustion for alleviating side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in people with cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Moxibustion vs no treatment QoL · patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer treatment Moxibustion for alleviating side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in people with cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Moxibustion vs no treatment Patient‐reported symptom: nausea/vomiting · patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer treatment Moxibustion for alleviating side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in people with cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Moxibustion vs no treatment Patient‐reported symptom: diarrhoea · patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer treatment Moxibustion for alleviating side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in people with cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Moxibustion vs no treatment Objective outcome measure: platelets (× 109/L) · patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer treatment Moxibustion for alleviating side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in people with cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Moxibustion vs sham treatment The incidence and severity of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related toxicities · patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer treatment Moxibustion for alleviating side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in people with cancer (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Chemoradiotherapy vs radical surgery Progression‐free survival (5‐year) · women (18 years and older) diagnosed with stage IB2 cervical cancer Type II or type III radical hysterectomy compared to chemoradiotherapy as a primary intervention for stage… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Chemoradiotherapy vs radical surgery Adverse events: lymphoedema · women (18 years and older) diagnosed with stage IB2 cervical cancer Type II or type III radical hysterectomy compared to chemoradiotherapy as a primary intervention for stage… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Edaravone plus corticosteroids vs corticosteroids Change in neurocognitive function · people previously treated with radiosurgery or fractionated radiotherapy to the brain or head and neck region with a… Interventions for the treatment of brain radionecrosis after radiotherapy or radiosurgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Edaravone plus corticosteroids vs corticosteroids Quality of life · people previously treated with radiosurgery or fractionated radiotherapy to the brain or head and neck region with a… Interventions for the treatment of brain radionecrosis after radiotherapy or radiosurgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Edaravone plus corticosteroids vs corticosteroids Corticosteroid requirements · people previously treated with radiosurgery or fractionated radiotherapy to the brain or head and neck region with a… Interventions for the treatment of brain radionecrosis after radiotherapy or radiosurgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Bevacizumab vs placebo Quality of life · people previously treated with radiosurgery or fractionated radiotherapy to the brain or head and neck region with a… Interventions for the treatment of brain radionecrosis after radiotherapy or radiosurgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Bevacizumab vs placebo Corticosteroid requirements · people previously treated with radiosurgery or fractionated radiotherapy to the brain or head and neck region with a… Interventions for the treatment of brain radionecrosis after radiotherapy or radiosurgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery Progression‐free survival: not measured · people with single or solitary brain metastasis Surgery versus stereotactic radiotherapy for people with single or solitary brain metastasis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: BT vs EBRT Acute and late GI toxicity (grade 2+) · People with urological (prostate) and gynaecological (endometrial) cancer Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Probiotics vs control (placebo or no intervention) QOL scores · People undergoing RT for pelvic cancer Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Proteolytic enzymes vs control (placebo or no intervention) Mean GI symptom scores · People undergoing RT for pelvic cancer Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Proteolytic enzymes vs control (placebo or no intervention) QOL scores · People undergoing RT for pelvic cancer Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Glutamine vs placebo Mean GI symptom scores · People undergoing RT for pelvic cancer Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Glutamine vs placebo QOL scores · People undergoing RT for pelvic cancer Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Counselling vs no intervention Acute and late GI toxicity (grade 2+) · Individuals undergoing RT for pelvic cancer Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Reduced dose volume vs standard dose volume Mean GI symptom scores · People undergoing RT for pelvic cancer1 Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Reduced dose volume vs standard dose volume Diarrhoea (grade 2+) · People undergoing RT for pelvic cancer1 Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Reduced dose volume vs standard dose volume QOL scores · People undergoing RT for pelvic cancer1 Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Higher bladder volume vs lower bladder volume Mean GI symptom scores (during RT) · Men undergoing RT for prostate cancer Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Higher bladder volume vs lower bladder volume Diarrhoea (grade 2+) · Men undergoing RT for prostate cancer Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Higher bladder volume vs lower bladder volume QOL scores · Men undergoing RT for prostate cancer Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |