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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
162 questions in 26 reviews · Public Health
current versionsNo studies 162 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Interventions targeting industrial sources vs practice Combustion‐related particulate matter · General population, as well as age‐specific subgroups (< 1 year; < 14 years; > 65 years) Interventions to reduce ambient particulate matter air pollution and their effect on health (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Interventions targeting residential sources vs practice Particulate matter (PM10) · General population Interventions to reduce ambient particulate matter air pollution and their effect on health (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Interventions targeting multiple sources vs practice Cardiovascular mortality · General population Interventions to reduce ambient particulate matter air pollution and their effect on health (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Interventions targeting multiple sources vs practice Respiratory mortality · General population Interventions to reduce ambient particulate matter air pollution and their effect on health (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Interventions targeting multiple sources vs practice Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) · General population Interventions to reduce ambient particulate matter air pollution and their effect on health (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Interventions targeting multiple sources vs practice Coarse particulate matter · General population Interventions to reduce ambient particulate matter air pollution and their effect on health (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Interventions targeting multiple sources vs practice Combustion‐related particulate matter · General population Interventions to reduce ambient particulate matter air pollution and their effect on health (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Interventions targeting vehicular sources vs practice Coarse particulate matter · General population Interventions to reduce ambient particulate matter air pollution and their effect on health (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Anthropometric outcomes · General population Food fortification with multiple micronutrients: impact on health outcomes in general population (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Interventions to reduce the consumption of SSB vs no or alternative intervention: impact on SSB intake A Labelling interventions Environmental interventions to reduce the consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages and their effects on health (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Interventions to reduce the consumption of SSB vs no or alternative intervention: impact on SSB intake C Economic tools Environmental interventions to reduce the consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages and their effects on health (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Interventions to reduce the consumption of SSB vs no or alternative intervention: impact on SSB intake G Action across sectors Environmental interventions to reduce the consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages and their effects on health (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Economic tools vs no or alternative intervention Taxation of SSB Environmental interventions to reduce the consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages and their effects on health (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Illicit drug use · children and young people aged 0 to 18 years Individual‐, family‐, and school‐level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Tobacco use · children and young people aged 0 to 18 years Individual‐, family‐, and school‐level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Alcohol use · children and young people aged 0 to 18 years Individual‐, family‐, and school‐level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Cannabis use · children and young people aged 0 to 18 years Individual‐, family‐, and school‐level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Sexual risk behaviour · children and young people aged 0 to 18 years Individual‐, family‐, and school‐level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Physical activity · children and young people aged 0 to 18 years Individual‐, family‐, and school‐level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Physical activity · children and young people aged 0 to 18 years Individual‐, family‐, and school‐level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products Any adverse effects (including constipation, nausea, vomiting, heartburn or diarrhoea, as measured by trialists) · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico Fortification of maize flour with iron for controlling anaemia and iron deficiency in populations (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based health promotion vs no implementation strategy Employee physical activity, weight status, and alcohol use · workplace employees Strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based policies or practices targeting tobacco,… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based health promotion vs no implementation strategy Unintended adverse effects · workplace employees Strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based policies or practices targeting tobacco,… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Targeted mass media intervention vs general population mass media intervention Any outcome considered an indicator of change · mass media intervention for promoting healthy behaviours Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Targeted mass media intervention for promoting healthy behaviours vs no intervention Any measure of knowledge and attitude · adult, ethnic minority group: self‐described Americans of African heritage Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Targeted mass media intervention for promoting healthy behaviours vs no intervention Adverse effects · adult, ethnic minority group: self‐described Americans of African heritage Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Targeted mass media intervention for promoting healthy behaviours vs no intervention Any outcome considered an adverse effect · adult, ethnic minority group: self‐described Americans of African heritage Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Targeted mass media intervention vs targeted mass media intervention plus personalised content Adverse effects · adult, ethnic minority groups: Latino immigrants, elderly Chinese immigrants, self‐described Americans of African… Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Targeted mass media intervention vs targeted mass media intervention plus personalised content Any outcome considered an adverse effect · adult, ethnic minority groups: Latino immigrants, elderly Chinese immigrants, self‐described Americans of African… Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Targeted mass media intervention vs general population mass media intervention Adverse effects · mass media intervention for promoting healthy behaviours Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Targeted mass media intervention vs general population mass media intervention Any outcome considered an adverse effect · mass media intervention for promoting healthy behaviours Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Occurrence of elder abuse · Carers of elderly persons with a responsibility for detecting abuse Interventions for preventing abuse in the elderly (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Height for age · children and adults in low‐ and middle‐income countries Unconditional cash transfers for assistance in humanitarian disasters: effect on use of health services and… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Number of days sick in bed · children and adults in low‐ and middle‐income countries Unconditional cash transfers for assistance in humanitarian disasters: effect on use of health services and… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Level of depression · children and adults in low‐ and middle‐income countries Unconditional cash transfers for assistance in humanitarian disasters: effect on use of health services and… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Received vitamin or iron supplements · children and adults in low‐ and middle‐income countries Unconditional cash transfers for assistance in humanitarian disasters: effect on use of health services and… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Received deworming drugs · children and adults in low‐ and middle‐income countries Unconditional cash transfers for assistance in humanitarian disasters: effect on use of health services and… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Du Preez 2010 (cRCT) · households Interventions to improve water quality and supply, sanitation and hygiene practices, and their effects on… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Langford 2011 · households Interventions to improve water quality and supply, sanitation and hygiene practices, and their effects on… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR McGuigan 2011 (cRCT) · households Interventions to improve water quality and supply, sanitation and hygiene practices, and their effects on… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Fenn 2012 · households Interventions to improve water quality and supply, sanitation and hygiene practices, and their effects on… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Du Preez 2011 (cRCT) · households Interventions to improve water quality and supply, sanitation and hygiene practices, and their effects on… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR McGuigan 2010 (cRCT) · households Interventions to improve water quality and supply, sanitation and hygiene practices, and their effects on… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Luby 2004 (cRCT) · households Interventions to improve water quality and supply, sanitation and hygiene practices, and their effects on… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Luby 2006 (Soap) (cRCT) · households Interventions to improve water quality and supply, sanitation and hygiene practices, and their effects on… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Ahmed 1993 · households Interventions to improve water quality and supply, sanitation and hygiene practices, and their effects on… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Arnold 2009 · households Interventions to improve water quality and supply, sanitation and hygiene practices, and their effects on… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Bowen 2012 · households Interventions to improve water quality and supply, sanitation and hygiene practices, and their effects on… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Hasan 1989 · households Interventions to improve water quality and supply, sanitation and hygiene practices, and their effects on… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Physical health · working‐age adults In‐work tax credits for families and their impact on health status in adults (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |