Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,916 questions · 3,207 findings · 167 reviews · related questions CL0289

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No studies found 596 · 18.6%GRADE not reported 1,666 · 51.9%Very low 603 · 18.8%Low 252 · 7.9%Moderate 78 · 2.4%High 12 · 0.4%

Any topical or systemic intervention (topical/systemic steroids, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, retinoids, anti-malarials, biologics, phototherapy, surgery) vs Placebo, no treatment, another active intervention, or a different dose of the same intervention

Eating a normally varied diet · People of any age with erosive lichen planus affecting the oral, anogenital, and/or oesophageal regions

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for erosive lichen planus affecting mucosal sites 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
No studies reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Glucosamine sulfate (oral) vs ibuprofen

Reported pain (mm on VAS), change from baseline · Adults (>18 years) with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) diagnosed by RDC/TMD or compatible criteria

Glucosamine sulfate (oral) showed no clear difference in reported pain (mm on VAS), change from baseline compared with ibuprofen (oral); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
90 days
MD -4.57 [-9.91, 0.77]
1 study · 45 participants
GRADE not reported

Altered-cast technique RDP vs One-piece cast RDP

Patient satisfaction · Partially edentulous patients treated with a distal-extension RDP

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
Patients were equally satisfied with the two types of RDP (narrative)
1 study · 57 participants
GRADE not reported

Glucosamine sulfate (oral) vs ibuprofen

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · Adults (>18 years) with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) diagnosed by RDC/TMD or compatible criteria

Glucosamine sulfate (oral) showed no clear difference in brief Pain Inventory (BPI) - pain intensity, change from baseline compared with ibuprofen (oral); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
90 days
MD -2.69 [-7.38, 2.00]
1 study · 45 participants
GRADE not reported

Colchicine (0.5 mg three times per day) vs Clofazimine (100 mg daily for 30 days, then 100 mg every other day)

Complete remission, pain intensity, patient and physician evaluation · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
6 months
One trial at high risk of bias (de Abreu 2009) compared clofazimine (n=23) with colchicine (n=23). The number with no further aphthous episodes at 6 months was significantly greater in the clofazimine group than the…
1 study · 46 participants
GRADE not reported

Metronidazole gel 25% (local antibiotic) vs Ultrasonic debridement

Change in probing pocket depth (PPD) · People with at least one dental implant affected by perimplantitis

Metronidazole gel 25% (local antibiotic) showed no clear difference in change in probing pocket depth compared with ultrasonic debridement; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 weeks
After 12 weeks there was no statistically significant difference in PPD changes.
1 study · 27 participants
GRADE not reported

Betamethasone (systemic corticosteroid) vs Placebo or no treatment

Outcome not reported · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
Table 1 (Systemic agents used in the management of aphthous stomatitis): 'Studies of these corticosteroids were not found or included in the review but are included here for completeness. They are not given orally for…
0 studies
No studies found

Extraction of the primary maxillary canine plus cervical pull headgear vs no intervention

Prevalence of eruption/non-eruption of the palatally displaced permanent canine (successful eruption) · Children with palatally displaced maxillary canines (at least 80% aged 10 to 13 years); trials with craniofacial syndromes or anomalies…

1 finding from 1 review

Extraction of primary (baby) teeth for unerupted palatally displaced permanent canine teeth in children 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
At least 6 months follow-up after the intervention
Narrative (not pooled, not GRADE-rated). Leonardi 2004: successful eruption 80% with extraction plus cervical pull headgear, significantly higher than the untreated control group (Chi2 14.9; P<0.01). Baccetti 2008: the…
2 studies · 81 participants
GRADE not reported

Fluticasone propionate spray vs Betamethasone sodium phosphate mouthwash

Pain reduction (VAS 0-100) · People with erosive oral lichen planus

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for erosive lichen planus affecting mucosal sites 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
In the Hegarty 2002 cross-over trial (n=22), no statistical testing of the pain score (VAS 0 to 100) was reported; it is not clear whether the difference is statistically significant (fluticasone mean score 19.8 versus…
1 study · 22 participants
GRADE not reported

Individualised homeopathic medicine (two doses over 24 hours) vs placebo

Ulcer healing · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Individualised homeopathic medicine (two doses over 24 hours) led to higher complete ulcer healing by end of study (day 6) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
6 days
RR 2.00 [1.39, 2.89]
1 study · 100 participants
GRADE not reported

Tooth/implant FDP with rigid connectors vs Tooth/implant FDP with non-rigid connectors

Prosthesis survival and crestal bone loss (5 years) · Patients with tooth/implant-supported FDPs; split-mouth

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
5 years
No significant differences between the two types of connectors with regard to prosthesis survival or crestal bone loss at 5 years (narrative)
1 study · 42 participants
GRADE not reported

HAART regimen + topical treatment vs HAART alone

Healing of ulceration · HIV‐infected adults (> 13 years of age, per CDC) with one or more painful intraoral aphthous ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Topical treatments for HIV‐related oral ulcers 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
No studies were included in this review. A total of 233 abstracts were retrieved; 25 were selected as potentially eligible but all were excluded (10 reported systemic rather than topical treatment; 3 non‐RCTs; 6…
0 studies
No studies found

Colchicine (0.5 mg per day for 3 months) vs prednisolone

Pain at completion of treatment · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Colchicine (0.5 mg per day for 3 months) showed no clear difference in pain at completion of treatment compared with prednisolone (5 mg per day for 3 months); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
3 months
MD -0.16 [-1.18, 0.86]
1 study · 34 participants
GRADE not reported

Fixed dental prosthesis (cantilever FDP) vs Removable dental prosthesis (RDP)

5-year prosthesis survival · Patients with a shortened dental arch (missing posterior teeth)

Fixed dental prosthesis (cantilever FDP) showed no clear difference in prosthesis survival compared with removable dental prosthesis (RDP); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
HR 0.59 [0.27, 1.29]
1 study · 60 participants
GRADE not reported

Extraction of the primary maxillary canine vs no intervention

Incidence or prevalence of root resorption of the impacted canine and/or incisors and cyst formation · Children with palatally displaced maxillary canines (at least 80% aged 10 to 13 years); trials with craniofacial syndromes or anomalies…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Extraction of primary (baby) teeth for unerupted palatally displaced permanent canine teeth in children 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
At least 6 months follow-up after the intervention
Root resorption of the impacted canine and/or incisors and cyst formation was not reported by either included trial.
0 studies
No studies found

Fluocinonide in adhesive base vs placebo

Physician Global Assessment (clinical signs, complete response) · People with erosive oral lichen planus

Fluocinonide in adhesive base showed no clear difference in physician Global Assessment (clinical signs, complete response) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for erosive lichen planus affecting mucosal sites 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 4.67 [0.24, 88.96]
1 study · 27 participants
GRADE not reported

Betamethasone oral mini-pulse therapy vs Topical triamcinolone acetonide paste

Side effects · People with erosive oral lichen planus

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for erosive lichen planus affecting mucosal sites 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
Table 3 (Side-effects). Malhotra 2008: betamethasone oral mini-pulse - transient oedema over the face (7), oedema over hands and feet (4), epigastric discomfort (7), weakness/fatigue (5), loose stools (1), headache…
1 study · 22 participants
GRADE not reported

Clobetasol-17-propionate 0.025% lipid-loaded microspheres vs Clobetasol propionate 0.025% ointment

Side effects · People with erosive oral lichen planus

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for erosive lichen planus affecting mucosal sites 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
Table 3 (Side-effects). Campisi 2004: oral candidiasis (1 in the lipid-loaded microspheres group, 2 in the conventional ointment group). None serious.
1 study · 50 participants
GRADE not reported

Vertical ramus osteotomy (VRO) with osteosynthesis vs Vertical ramus osteotomy (VRO) without osteosynthesis

Changes in condyle position: fossa-condyle relations for posterior (1 year post-operative) · Adults (16 years of age or older) with an Angle Class III malocclusion (prominent lower front teeth); people with syndromes, clefts or…

Vertical ramus osteotomy (VRO) with osteosynthesis showed no clear difference in changes in condyle position: fossa-condyle relations for posterior… compared with vertical ramus osteotomy (VRO) without osteosynthesis; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatments for adults with prominent lower front teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
1 year post-surgery
MD -0.10 [-0.64, 0.44]
1 study · 53 participants
GRADE not reported

Camel thorn (plant distillate) vs placebo

Pain intensity and lesion diameter · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
up to 14 days
The authors report lower pain and smaller lesions in the camel thorn group up to 10 days after referral; a statistically significant difference in pain intensity was also reported.
1 study · 93 participants
GRADE not reported