Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,444 questions · 1,518 findings · 135 reviews · Infectious Diseases

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No studies found 135 · 8.9%GRADE not reported 150 · 9.9%Very low 350 · 23.1%Low 420 · 27.7%Moderate 321 · 21.1%High 142 · 9.4%

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (rice‐based) vs ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based)

Hyponatraemia (< 130 mmol/L) · patients with cholera

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (rice‐based) showed no clear difference in biochemical hyponatraemia(serum sodium < 130 mmol/L) compared with ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.66 [0.26, 1.69]
2 studies · 102 participants
Low

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (rice‐based) vs ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based)

Duration of diarrhoea · patients with cholera

1 finding from 1 review

Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 102 participants
Low

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (rice‐based) vs ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based)

Stool output in first 24 hours after admission or randomization · patients with cholera

1 finding from 1 review

Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) vs ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based)

Need for unscheduled intravenous infusion · patients with cholera

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) showed no clear difference in need for unscheduled intravenous infusion compared with ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.66, 1.12]
5 studies · 616 participants
Moderate

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) vs ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based)

Symptomatic hyponatraemia · patients with cholera

1 finding from 1 review

Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 620 participants
GRADE not reported

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) vs ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based)

Hyponatraemia (< 130 mmol/L) · patients with cholera

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) probably leads to higher biochemical hyponatraemia (serum sodium < 130 mmol/L) compared with ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.67 [1.09, 2.57]
4 studies · 465 participants
Moderate

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) vs ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based)

Severe biochemical hyponatraemia (serum sodium < 125 mmol/L) · patients with cholera

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) showed no clear difference in severe biochemical hyponatraemia (serum sodium < 125 mmol/L) compared with ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.58 [0.62, 4.04]
4 studies · 465 participants
Low

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) vs ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based)

Duration of diarrhoea · patients with cholera

1 finding from 1 review

Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 683 participants
Moderate

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) vs ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based)

Stool output in first 24 hours after admission or randomization · patients with cholera

1 finding from 1 review

Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 581 participants
Moderate

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (rice‐based) vs ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based)

Death · patients with cholera

1 finding from 1 review

Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (rice‐based) vs ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based)

Need for unscheduled intravenous infusion · patients with cholera

1 finding from 1 review

Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Death · Children aged 6‐60 months with cerebral malaria

The intervention may leads to lower death (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mannitol and other osmotic diuretics as adjuncts for treating cerebral malaria 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.81
1 study · 156 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Major neurological sequelae · Children aged 6‐60 months with cerebral malaria

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mannitol and other osmotic diuretics as adjuncts for treating cerebral malaria 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Coma recovery time · Children aged 6‐60 months with cerebral malaria

1 finding from 1 review

Mannitol and other osmotic diuretics as adjuncts for treating cerebral malaria 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 156 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Time to hospital discharge · Children aged 6‐60 months with cerebral malaria

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mannitol and other osmotic diuretics as adjuncts for treating cerebral malaria 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Need for ventilation · Children aged 6‐60 months with cerebral malaria

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mannitol and other osmotic diuretics as adjuncts for treating cerebral malaria 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation · Children aged 6‐60 months with cerebral malaria

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mannitol and other osmotic diuretics as adjuncts for treating cerebral malaria 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Adverse events · Children aged 6‐60 months with cerebral malaria

1 finding from 1 review

Mannitol and other osmotic diuretics as adjuncts for treating cerebral malaria 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 156 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal parasitaemia (at delivery) · HIV‐positive pregnant women living

The intervention may leads to lower maternal parasitaemia (at delivery) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intermittent preventive treatment regimens for malaria in HIV‐positive pregnant women 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.25 [0.14, 0.43]
2 studies · 463 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Neonatal mortality · HIV‐positive pregnant women

1 finding from 1 review

Intermittent preventive treatment regimens for malaria in HIV‐positive pregnant women 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low