Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,281 questions · 1,361 findings · 120 reviews · Developmental, Psychosocial and Learning Problems

No studies found 286 · 21%GRADE not reported 61 · 4.5%Very low 381 · 28%Low 381 · 28%Moderate 228 · 16.8%High 24 · 1.8%

Intervention not reported

Anaemia at end of therapy (total), as defined by trial authors · menstruating women (non‐pregnant women of reproductive age)

The intervention probably leads to lower anaemia at end of therapy (total), as defined by trial authors (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Abdominal pain (total), events during study, as defined and reported by trial authors · menstruating women (non‐pregnant women of reproductive age)

The intervention showed no clear difference in abdominal pain (total), events during study, as defined and reported… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Iron deficiency at end of therapy (total), as defined by trial authors · menstruating women (non‐pregnant women of reproductive age)

The intervention probably leads to lower iron deficiency at end of therapy (total), as defined by trial authors (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Any adverse side effects (total), as defined and reported by trial authors · menstruating women (non‐pregnant women of reproductive age)

The intervention showed no clear difference in any adverse side effects (total), as defined and reported by trial… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

GI side effects (total), events during study, as defined and reported by trial authors · menstruating women (non‐pregnant women of reproductive age)

The intervention may leads to higher GI side effects (total), events during study, as defined and… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Loose stools/diarrhoea (total), events during study, as defined and reported by trial authors · menstruating women (non‐pregnant women of reproductive age)

The intervention leads to higher loose stools/diarrhoea (total), events during study, as defined and… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Hard stools/constipation (total), events during study, as defined and reported by trial authors · menstruating women (non‐pregnant women of reproductive age)

The intervention leads to higher hard stools/constipation (total), events during study, as defined… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Total ADHD symptom score ‐ parent ratings (ADHD Rating Scale, Fourth Version; Conners' Rating Scale; Conners' Global Index; Conners' Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire) · children or adolescents with ADHD

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes total ADHD symptom score ‐ parent ratings (ADHD Rating Scale, Fourth… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Total ADHD symptom score ‐ teacher ratings (ADHD Rating Scale, Fourth Version; Conners' Rating Scale; Conners' Global Index; Conners' Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire) · children or adolescents with ADHD

The intervention showed no clear difference in total ADHD symptom score ‐ teacher ratings (ADHD Rating Scale,… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Total ADHD symptom score ‐ clinician ratings (ADHD Rating Scale, Fourth Version) · children or adolescents with ADHD

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes total ADHD symptom score ‐ clinician ratings (ADHD Rating Scale,… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Proportion of responders (Clinical Global Impressions ‐ Improvement (CGI‐I) scale) · children or adolescents with ADHD

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes proportion of responders (Clinical Global Impressions ‐ Improvement… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Academic performance (Permanent Product Measure of Performance; Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children ‐ Revised; Barnell Lot, Ltd Math Test; Wide Range Achievement Test) · children or adolescents with ADHD

The intervention may leads to higher academic performance (Permanent Product Measure of Performance;… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Retention: proportion of participants who completed the trial · children or adolescents with ADHD

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes retention: proportion of participants who completed the trial (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Simethicone vs placebo

Reduction in crying duration Difference between final values (hours per day of crying) · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria

It is very uncertain whether simethicone changes reduction in crying duration Difference between final values (hours… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Simethicone vs placebo

Responders Number of infants who improved after treatment · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria

Simethicone showed no clear difference in responders Number of infants who improved after treatment compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review